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Recent developments in large-scale pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models have significantly improved the generation of high-fidelity images, particularly with the emergence of diffusion transformer models (DiTs). Among diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Xudong Lu , Aojun Zhou , Ziyi Lin , Qi Liu , Yuhui Xu , Renrui Zhang , Xue Yang , Junchi Yan , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li

Diffusion models have become a leading approach for high-fidelity medical image synthesis. However, most existing methods for 3D medical image generation rely on convolutional U-Net backbones within latent diffusion frameworks. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Marvin Seyfarth , Salman Ul Hassan Dar , Yannik Frisch , Philipp Wild , Norbert Frey , Florian André , Sandy Engelhardt

Three-dimensional (3D) refractive index (RI) tomography offers label-free, quantitative volumetric imaging but faces limitations due to optical aberrations, limited resolution, and the computational complexity inherent to existing…

7 Tesla (7T) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) demonstrate improved image quality and spatial resolution over 3 Tesla (3T) ADC maps. However, 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Zach Eidex , Jing Wang , Mojtaba Safari , Eric Elder , Jacob Wynne , Tonghe Wang , Hui-Kuo Shu , Hui Mao , Xiaofeng Yang

Diffusion models are widely recognized for generating high-quality and diverse images, but their poor real-time performance has led to numerous acceleration works, primarily focusing on UNet-based structures. With the more successful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Pengtao Chen , Mingzhu Shen , Peng Ye , Jianjian Cao , Chongjun Tu , Christos-Savvas Bouganis , Yiren Zhao , Tao Chen

High-throughput 3D quantitative phase imaging (QPI) in flow cytometry enables label-free, volumetric characterization of individual cells by reconstructing their refractive index (RI) distributions from multiple viewing angles during flow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Enze Ye , Wei Lin , Shaochi Ren , Yakun Liu , Xiaoping Li , Hao Wang , He Sun , Feng Pan

Recovering 3D phase features of complex, multiple-scattering biological samples traditionally sacrifices computational efficiency and processing time for physical model accuracy and reconstruction quality. This trade-off hinders the rapid…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-30 Alex Matlock , Lei Tian

Intravital microscopy is an essential tool that reveals behaviours of live cells under conditions close to natural physiological states. So far, although various approaches for imaging cells in vivo have been proposed, most require the use…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-07-04 Kyoohyun Kim , Kibaek Choe , Inwon Park , Pilhan Kim , YongKeun Park

Label-free imaging of rapidly moving, sub-diffraction sized structures has important applications in both biology and material science, as it removes the limitations associated with fluorescence tagging. However, unlabeled nanoscale…

Integrating deep learning with clinical expertise holds great potential for addressing healthcare challenges and empowering medical professionals with improved diagnostic tools. However, the need for annotated medical images is often an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Romain Hardy , Joe Klepich , Ryan Mitchell , Steve Hall , Jericho Villareal , Cornelia Ilin

Fiber-based micro-endoscopes are a critically important tool for minimally-invasive deep-tissue imaging. However, the state-of-the-art micro-endoscopes cannot perform three-dimensional imaging through dynamically-bent fibers without the use…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-09 Noam Badt , Ori Katz

Artificial Intelligence (AI) based image analysis has an immense potential to support diagnostic histopathology, including cancer diagnostics. However, developing supervised AI methods requires large-scale annotated datasets. A potentially…

High-order edge-enhanced imaging enables precise feature localization and effective background suppression, offering a powerful tool for real-time recognition and high-contrast visualization. Extending this capability to the mid-infrared…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-14 Jixi Zhang , Kun Huang , Shina Liao , Zhuohang Wei , Jianan Fang , Heping Zeng

Laser-induced electron diffraction is an evolving tabletop method, which aims to image ultrafast structural changes in gas-phase polyatomic molecules with sub-{\AA}ngstr\"om spatial and femtosecond temporal resolution. Here, we provide the…

Limited-Angle Computed Tomography (LACT) is a challenging inverse problem where missing angular projections lead to incomplete sinograms and severe artifacts in the reconstructed images. While recent learning-based methods have demonstrated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-09 Jiaqi Guo , Santiago López-Tapia

High-throughput biological imaging is often constrained by a trade-off between acquisition speed and image quality. Fast imaging modalities, such as wide-field fluorescence microscopy, enable large-scale data acquisition but suffer from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Dominik Panek , Carina Rząca , Maksymilian Szczypior , Joanna Sorysz , Krzysztof Misztal , Zbigniew Baster , Zenon Rajfur

Ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) instruments typically operate at kHz or lower repetition rates and rely on indirect detection of electrons. However, these experiments encounter limitations because they are required to use electron…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Fernando Rodriguez Diaz , Mark Mero , Kasra Amini

The search for refining 3D LiDAR data has attracted growing interest motivated by recent techniques such as supervised learning or generative model-based methods. Existing approaches have shown the possibilities for using diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Sander Elias Magnussen Helgesen , Kazuto Nakashima , Jim Tørresen , Ryo Kurazume

While the diffusion transformer (DiT) has become a focal point of interest in recent years, its application in low-light image enhancement remains a blank area for exploration. Current methods recover the details from low-light images while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Xiangchen Yin , Zhenda Yu , Longtao Jiang , Xin Gao , Xiao Sun , Zhi Liu , Xun Yang

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy provides unprecedented insight into cellular and subcellular structures. However, going "beyond the diffraction barrier" comes at a price since most far-field super-resolution imaging techniques…