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In this paper we report on the characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 (S/N: S13370-6152) Vacuum Ultra-Violet (VUV) sensitive Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) as part of the development of a solution for the detection of liquid xenon…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-24 G. Gallina , P. Giampa , F. Retiere , J. Kroeger , G. Zhang , M. Ward , P. Margetak , G. Lic , T. Tsang , L. Doria , S. Al Kharusi , M. Alfaris , G. Anton , I. J. Arnquist , I. Badhrees , P. S. Barbeau , D. Beck , V. Belov , T. Bhatta , J. Blatchford , J. P. Brodsky , E. Brown , T. Brunner , G. F. Cao , L. Cao , W. R. Cen , C. Chambers , S. A. Charlebois , M. Chiu , B. Cleveland , M. Coon , A. Craycraft , J. Dalmasson , T. Daniels , L. Darroch , S. J. Daugherty , A. De St. Croix , A. Der Mesrobian-Kabakian , R. DeVoe , J. Dilling , Y. Y. Ding , M. J. Dolinski , A. Dragone , J. Echevers , M. Elbeltagi , L. Fabris , D. Fairbank , W. Fairbank , J. Farine , S. Feyzbakhsh , R. Fontaine , P. Gautam , G. Giacomini , R. Gornea , G. Gratta , E. V. Hansen , M. Heffner , E. W. Hoppe , J. Hoßl , A. House , M. Hughes , Y. Ito , A. Iverson , A. Jamil , M. J. Jewell , X. S. Jiang , A. Karelin , L. J. Kaufman , D. Kodroff , T. Koffas , R. Krucken , A. Kuchenkov , K. S. Kumar , Y. Lana , A. Larson , B. G. Lenardo , D. S. Leonarda , S. Lik , Z. Li , C. Licciardi , Y. H. Linw , P. Lv , R. MacLellan , T. McElroy , M. Medina-Peregrina , T. Michel , B. Mong , D. C. Moore , K. Murray , P. Nakarmi , R. J. Newby , Z. Ning , O. Njoya , F. Nolet , O. Nusair , K. Odgers , A. Odian , M. Oriunno , J. L. Orrell , G. S. Ortega , I. Ostrovskiy , C. T. Overman , S. Parent , A. Piepkez , A. Pocar , J. -F. Pratte , D. Qiu , V. Radeka , E. Raguzin , S. Rescia , M. Richman , A. Robinson , T. Rossignol , P. C. Rowson , N. Roy , R. Saldanha , S. Sangiorgio , K. Skarpaas VIII , A. K. Soma , G. St-Hilaire , V. Stekhanov , T. Stiegler , X. L. Sun , M. Tarka , J. Todd , T. Tolba , T. I. Totev , R. Tsang , F. Vachon , V. Veeraraghavan , G. Visser , J. -L. Vuilleumier , M. Wagenpfeil , M. Walent , Q. Wang , J. Watkins , M. Weber , W. Wei , L. J. Wen , U. Wichoski , S. X. Wu , W. H. Wu , X. Wu , Q. Xia , H. Yang , L. Yang , Y. -R. Yen , O. Zeldovich , J. Zhao , Y. Zhou , T. Ziegler

Optical cross-talk is a critical characteristic of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) and represents a significant source of the excess noise factor, exerting a substantial influence on detector performance. During the avalanche process of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-12-21 Y. Guan , N. Anfimov , G. Cao , Z. Xie , Q. Dai , D. Fedoseev , K. Kuznetsova , A. Rybnikov , A. Selyunin , A. Sotnikov

Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPM) are state of the art light detectors with unprecedented single photon sensitivity and photon number resolving capability, representing a breakthrough in several fundamental and applied Science domains. An…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-07-01 V. Arosio , M. Caccia , V. Chmill , A. Ebolese , A. Martemiyanov , F. Risigo , R. Santoro , M. Locatelli , M. Pieracci , C. Tintori

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are semiconductor-based light-sensors offering a high gain, a mechanically and optically robust design and high photon detection efficiency. Due to these characteristics, they started to replace conventional…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-06-27 T. Bretz , R. Engel , T. Hebbeker , J. Kemp , L. Middendorf , C. Peters , J. Schumacher , R. Smida , D. Veberic

We present an analog silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based on a standard 55 nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. The SiPM is composed of 16$\times$16 single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and measures 0.29$\times$0.32 mm$^2$. Each SPAD…

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are a good alternative to photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) because their gain and quantum efficiency are comparable to PMTs. However, the largest single-chip SiPM is still less than 1~cm$^2$. In order to use…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-11-17 Felix Liang , Hartmut Brands , Les Hoy , Jeff Preston , Jason Smith

This report shows the design and the performance of a large area Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) module developed detection of fluorescent light emitted from a 10 cm scale volume. The module was optimized for the planned ACME III electron…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-11-09 A. Hiramoto , T. Masuda , D. G. Ang , C. Meisenhelder , C. Panda , N. Sasao , S. Uetake , X. Wu , D. Demille , J. M. Doyle , G. Gabrielse , K. Yoshimura

The analog hadron calorimeter for the International Linear Collider (ILC) of the CALICE collaboration utilized novel silicon detectors, the Sillicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), for the detection of scintillation light coming from very small…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-11-28 Michal Tesař , Christian Jendrysik , Jelena Ninković , Frank Simon

We report on the measurement of the radiation hardness of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) manufactured by Fondazione Bruno Kessler in Italy (1 mm$^2$ and 6.2 mm$^2$), Center of Perspective Technology and Apparatus in Russia (1 mm$^2$ and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-01-09 P. Bohn , A. Clough , E. Hazen , A. Heering , J. Rohlf , J. Freeman , S. Los , E. Cascio , S. Kuleshov , Y. Musienko , C. Piemonte

This article presents the development of a cost-effective and efficient electronic module for silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). The electronic module combines essential functionalities, such as a high voltage power supply, a preamplifier,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-09-07 A. Sadigov , S. Nuruyev , R. Akbarov , D. B. Berikov , A. Madadzada , A. Mammadli

We report on the possibility of using Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) to detect the scintillation light from neutron conversion in ZnS:6LiF scintillators. The light is collected by wavelength-shifting fibers embedded into the scintillator.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-18 A. Stoykov , J. -B. Mosset , U. Greuter , M. Hildebrandt , N. Schlumpf

Recent developments in photo-detectors and photo-detector systems are reviewed. The main emphasis is made on Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPM) - novel and very attractive photo-detectors. Their main features are described. Properties of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-06-23 M. Danilov

We demonstrate an efficient photon number detector for visible wavelengths using a silicon avalanche photodiode. Under subnanosecond gating, the device is able to resolve up to four photons in an incident optical pulse. The detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-21 O. Thomas , Z. L. Yuan , J. F. Dynes , A. W. Sharpe , A. J. Shields

We present the characterization of a photon-number-resolving detection chain based on Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) coupled to a 14 bit, 1 Gs\s digital acquisition system embedding an FPGA-based signal processing pipeline that performs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Alex Pozzoli , Stefano Carsi , Andrea Abba , Alessia Allevi

We present a detailed investigation of the afterpulse effect in silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), using a dedicated structure with single-cell readout. This enables direct measurement of intrinsic device properties and observation of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-13 P. Parygin , E. Garutti , E. Popova , J. Schwandt

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) will be used to read out all calorimeters in the ePIC experiment at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). A thorough characterization of the radiation damage expected for SiPMs under anticipated EIC fluences is…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-06-23 Jiajun Huang , Sean Preins , Ryan Tsiao , Miguel Rodriguez , Barak Schmookler , Miguel Arratia

Muon scattering tomography is a non-destructive technique used to image different materials by utilizing natural cosmic ray muons. Typically it requires position-sensitive detectors with a sub-millimeter resolution to effectively…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-19 Binghao Sun , Huiling Li , Quanyin Li , Hui Liang , Cong Liu , Hongbo Wang , Zibing Wu , Suyu Xiao , Weiwei Xu

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) are the photon detectors chosen for the tracking readout in NEXT, a neutrinoless {\beta}{\beta} decay experiment which uses a high pressure gaseous xenon time projection chamber (TPC). The reconstruction of…

Among the main disadvantages of using silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) in large experiments are their limited physical area (increasing the cost and the complexity of the readout of a camera) and their sensitivity to unwanted wavelengths.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-20 D. Guberman , J. Cortina , J. E. Ward , E. Do Souto Espiñera , A. Hahn , D. Mazin

Measured response functions and low photon yield spectra of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) were compared to multi-photoelectron pulse-height distributions generated by a Monte Carlo model. Characteristic parameters for SiPM were derived.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Sanchez Majos , P. Achenbach , J. Pochodzalla