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We introduce a generalization of the well known graph (vertex) coloring problem, which we call the problem of \emph{component coloring of graphs}. Given a graph, the problem is to color the vertices using minimum number of colors so that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-11-06 Ajit Diwan , Soumitra Pal , Abhiram Ranade

This paper studies the fundamental problem of graph coloring in fully dynamic graphs. Since the problem of computing an optimal coloring, or even approximating it to within $n^{1-\epsilon}$ for any $\epsilon > 0$, is NP-hard in static…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Shay Solomon , Nicole Wein

Graph coloring is one of the central problems in distributed graph algorithms. Much of the research on this topic has focused on coloring with $\Delta+1$ colors, where $\Delta$ denotes the maximum degree. Using $\Delta+1$ colors may be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Mohsen Ghaffari , Christiana Lymouri

A \emph{request} on a graph assigns a preferred color to a subset of the vertices. A graph $G$ is \emph{$\epsilon$-flexibly $k$-choosable} if for every $k$-list assignment $L$ and every request $r$ on $G$, there is an $L$-coloring such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-16 Peter Bradshaw , Ilkyoo Choi , Alexandr Kostochka

We present ${\rm poly\log\log n}$-round randomized distributed algorithms to compute vertex splittings, a partition of the vertices of a graph into $k$ parts such that a node of degree $d(u)$ has $\approx d(u)/k$ neighbors in each part. Our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Magnús M. Halldórsson , Yannic Maus , Alexandre Nolin

A $k$-coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is called semi-equitable if there exists a partition of its vertex set into independent subsets $V_1,\ldots,V_k$ in such a way that $|V_1| \notin \{\lceil |V|/k\rceil, \lfloor |V|/k \rfloor\}$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-06 H. Furmańczyk , M. Kubale

We settle the complexity of the $(\Delta+1)$-coloring and $(\Delta+1)$-list coloring problems in the CONGESTED CLIQUE model by presenting a simple deterministic algorithm for both problems running in a constant number of rounds. This…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Artur Czumaj , Peter Davies , Merav Parter

In this note, we present results for the colouring problem on small world graphs created by rewiring square, triangular, and two kinds of cubic (with coordination numbers 5 and 6) lattices. As the rewiring parameter p tends to 1, we find…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Pontus Svenson

We consider the distributed complexity of the (degree+1)-list coloring problem, in which each node $u$ of degree $d(u)$ is assigned a palette of $d(u)+1$ colors, and the goal is to find a proper coloring using these color palettes. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Sam Coy , Artur Czumaj , Peter Davies , Gopinath Mishra

We give an almost complete characterization of the hardness of $c$-coloring $\chi$-chromatic graphs with distributed algorithms, for a wide range of models of distributed computing. In particular, we show that these problems do not admit…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Xavier Coiteux-Roy , Francesco d'Amore , Rishikesh Gajjala , Fabian Kuhn , François Le Gall , Henrik Lievonen , Augusto Modanese , Marc-Olivier Renou , Gustav Schmid , Jukka Suomela

Let $c, k$ be two positive integers and let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. The $(c,k)$-Load Coloring Problem (denoted $(c,k)$-LCP) asks whether there is a $c$-coloring $\varphi: V \rightarrow [c]$ such that for every $i \in [c]$, there are at least…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-12-19 F. Barbero , G. Gutin , M. Jones , B. Sheng

A clique of a graph is a maximal set of vertices of size at least 2 that induces a complete graph. A $k$-clique-colouring of a graph is a colouring of the vertices with at most $k$ colours such that no clique is monochromatic. D\'efossez…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-12-12 Hélio B. Macêdo Filho , Raphael C. S. Machado , Celina M. H. de Figueiredo

A $k$-colouring (not necessarily proper) of vertices of a graph is called {\it acyclic}, if for every pair of distinct colours $i$ and $j$ the subgraph induced by the edges whose endpoints have colours $i$ and $j$ is acyclic. In the paper…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Anna Fiedorowicz , Elżbieta Sidorowicz

A graph is {\em locally irregular} if no two adjacent vertices have the same degree. A {\em locally irregular edge-coloring} of a graph $G$ is such an (improper) edge-coloring that the edges of any fixed color induce a locally irregular…

Degree Based Logical Adjacency Checking (DBLAC). An efficient coloring of graphs with unique logical AND operations. The logical AND operation shows more effective color assignment and fewer number of induced colors in the case of common…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Prashant Verma

Coloring problems in graphs have been used to model a wide range of real applications. In particular, the List Coloring Problem generalizes the well-known Graph Coloring Problem for which many exact algorithms have been developed. In this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Mauro Lucci , Graciela Nasini , Daniel Severín

A proper labeling of a graph is an assignment of integers to some elements of a graph, which may be the vertices, the edges, or both of them, such that we obtain a proper vertex coloring via the labeling subject to some conditions. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Ali Dehghan , Mohammad-Reza Sadeghi , Arash Ahadi

The local chromatic number is a coloring parameter defined as the minimum number of colors that should appear in the most colorful closed neighborhood of a vertex under any proper coloring of the graph. Its directed version is the same when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-03 Gábor Simonyi , Gábor Tardos , Ambrus Zsbán

A graph $G$ is $k$-critical if $G$ is not $(k-1)$-colorable, but every proper subgraph of $G$ is $(k-1)$-colorable. A graph $G$ is $k$-choosable if $G$ has an $L$-coloring from every list assignment $L$ with $|L(v)|=k$ for all $v$, and a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-18 Daniel W. Cranston , Landon Rabern

A locally irregular graph is a graph whose adjacent vertices have distinct degrees, a regular graph is a graph where each vertex has the same degree and a locally regular graph is a graph where for every two adjacent vertices u, v, their…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan , Mohammad-Reza Sadeghi , Brett Stevens
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