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Related papers: Autoregressive Energy Machines

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We propose methods for density estimation and data synthesis using a novel form of unsupervised random forests. Inspired by generative adversarial networks, we implement a recursive procedure in which trees gradually learn structural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-14 David S. Watson , Kristin Blesch , Jan Kapar , Marvin N. Wright

Autoregressive models (ARMs) have become the workhorse for sequence generation tasks, since many problems can be modeled as next-token prediction. While there appears to be a natural ordering for text (i.e., left-to-right), for many data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zhe Wang , Jiaxin Shi , Nicolas Heess , Arthur Gretton , Michalis K. Titsias

Training an energy-based model (EBM) with maximum likelihood is challenging due to the intractable normalisation constant. Traditional methods rely on expensive Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to estimate the gradient of logartihm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hugo Senetaire , Paul Jeha , Pierre-Alexandre Mattei , Jes Frellsen

In this paper, we attack the anomaly detection problem by directly modeling the data distribution with deep architectures. We propose deep structured energy based models (DSEBMs), where the energy function is the output of a deterministic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-17 Shuangfei Zhai , Yu Cheng , Weining Lu , Zhongfei Zhang

We introduce RNADE, a new model for joint density estimation of real-valued vectors. Our model calculates the density of a datapoint as the product of one-dimensional conditionals modeled using mixture density networks with shared…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-10 Benigno Uria , Iain Murray , Hugo Larochelle

Autoregressive generative models consistently achieve the best results in density estimation tasks involving high dimensional data, such as images or audio. They pose density estimation as a sequence modeling task, where a recurrent neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Xi Chen , Nikhil Mishra , Mostafa Rohaninejad , Pieter Abbeel

This paper presents an anomaly detection model that combines the strong statistical foundation of density-estimation-based anomaly detection methods with the representation-learning ability of deep-learning models. The method combines an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Joseph Gallego-Mejia , Oscar Bustos-Brinez , Fabio A. González

Data consisting of time-indexed distributions of cross-sectional or intraday returns have been extensively studied in finance, and provide one example in which the data atoms consist of serially dependent probability distributions.…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-24 Chao Zhang , Piotr Kokoszka , Alexander Petersen

Density estimation is a fundamental problem in statistical learning. This problem is especially challenging for complex high-dimensional data due to the curse of dimensionality. A promising solution to this problem is given here in an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-23 Saeed Saremi , Arash Mehrjou , Bernhard Schölkopf , Aapo Hyvärinen

We propose a novel approach for density estimation with exponential families for the case when the true density may not fall within the chosen family. Our approach augments the sufficient statistics with features designed to accumulate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-09-07 Lin Yuan , Sergey Kirshner , Robert Givan

Autoregressive models are often employed to learn distributions of image data by decomposing the $D$-dimensional density function into a product of one-dimensional conditional distributions. Each conditional depends on preceding variables…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Ambrose Emmett-Iwaniw , Nathan Kirk

We introduce a new class of adaptive non-linear autoregressive (Nlar) models incorporating the concept of momentum, which dynamically estimate both the learning rates and momentum as the number of iterations increases. In our method, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ramin Okhrati

Energy-based models (EBMs) have experienced a resurgence within machine learning in recent years, including as a promising alternative for probabilistic regression. However, energy-based regression requires a proposal distribution to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Fredrik K. Gustafsson , Martin Danelljan , Thomas B. Schön

Maximum likelihood estimation of energy-based models is a challenging problem due to the intractability of the log-likelihood gradient. In this work, we propose learning both the energy function and an amortized approximate sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Rithesh Kumar , Sherjil Ozair , Anirudh Goyal , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

This paper studies the fundamental problem of learning energy-based model (EBM) in the latent space of the generator model. Learning such prior model typically requires running costly Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Instead, we propose to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Zhisheng Xiao , Tian Han

Autoregressive models (ARMs) currently constitute the dominant paradigm for large language models (LLMs). Energy-based models (EBMs) represent another class of models, which have historically been less prevalent in LLM development, yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mathieu Blondel , Michael E. Sander , Germain Vivier-Ardisson , Tianlin Liu , Vincent Roulet

Efficiently harvesting thermodynamic resources requires a precise understanding of their structure. This becomes explicit through the lens of information engines -- thermodynamic engines that use information as fuel. Maximizing the work…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-28 Alexander B. Boyd , James P. Crutchfield , Mile Gu , Felix C. Binder

The reliability assessment of a machine learning model's prediction is an important quantity for the deployment in safety critical applications. Not only can it be used to detect novel sceneries, either as out-of-distribution or anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Steve Dias Da Cruz , Bertram Taetz , Thomas Stifter , Didier Stricker

Probabilistic Regression refers to predicting a full probability density function for the target conditional on the features. We present a nonparametric approach to this problem which combines base classifiers (typically gradient boosted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Brian Lucena

Associative memory and probabilistic modeling are two fundamental topics in artificial intelligence. The first studies recurrent neural networks designed to denoise, complete and retrieve data, whereas the second studies learning and…