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This paper represents the second in a series of works aimed at reinvigorating the quantum geometrodynamics program. Our approach introduces a lattice regularization of the hypersurface deformation algebra, such that each lattice site…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-27 Thorsten Lang , Susanne Schander

We derive a closed form solution for the Kullback-Leibler divergence between two generalized gamma distributions. These notes are meant as a reference and provide a guided tour towards a result of practical interest that is rarely…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Christian Bauckhage

The Kullback-Leibler divergence, the Kullback-Leibler variation, and the Bernstein "norm" are used to quantify discrepancies among probability distributions in likelihood models such as nonparametric maximum likelihood and nonparametric…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Tetsuya Kaji

A loss function measures the discrepancy between the true values (observations) and their estimated fits, for a given instance of data. A loss function is said to be proper (unbiased, Fisher consistent) if the fits are defined over a unit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Amichai Painsky , Gregory W. Wornell

The sandwiched R\'enyi $\alpha$-divergences of two finite-dimensional quantum states play a distinguished role among the many quantum versions of R\'enyi divergences as the tight quantifiers of the trade-off between the two error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Fumio Hiai , Milán Mosonyi

It is shown that the algebra \(L^\infty(\mu)\) of all bounded measurable functions with respect to a finite measure \(\mu\) is localizing on the Hilbert space \(L^2(\mu)\) if and only if the measure \(\mu\) has an atom. Next, it is shown…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-08-26 Miguel Lacruz , Luis Rodríguez-Piazza

Selecting an appropriate divergence measure is a critical aspect of machine learning, as it directly impacts model performance. Among the most widely used, we find the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, originally introduced in kinetic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Gennaro Auricchio , Giovanni Brigati , Paolo Giudici , Giuseppe Toscani

Hilbert(ian) A-modules over finite von Neumann algebras A with a faithful normal trace state (from global analysis) and Hilbert W*-modules over A (from operator algebra theory) are compared, and a categorical equivalence is established. The…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Michael Frank

In this paper we shall consider one parametric generalization of some non-symmetric divergence measures. The \textit{non-symmetric divergence measures} are such as: Kullback-Leibler \textit{relative information}, $\chi…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Pranesh Kumar , Inder Jeet Taneja

Motivated by practical applications, I present a novel and comprehensive framework for operator-valued positive definite kernels. This framework is applied to both operator theory and stochastic processes. The first application focuses on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Saeed Hashemi Sababe

This paper reframes Riemannian geometry as a generalized Lie algebra allowing the equations of both RG and then General Relativity to be expressed as commutation relations among fundamental operators. We begin with an Abelian Lie algebra of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-21 Joseph E. Johnson

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded pseudoconvex domain in $\mathbb{C}^N$. Given a continuous plurisubharmonic function $u$ on $\Omega$, we construct a sequence of Gaussian analytic functions $f_n$ on $\Omega$ associated with $u$ such that…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Kiyoon Eum

The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a foundational measure for comparing probability distributions. Yet in multivariate settings, its single value often obscures the underlying reasons for divergence, conflating mismatches in individual…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-06 William Cook

In this paper, we examine the existence of the R\'enyi divergence between two time invariant general hidden Markov models with arbitrary positive initial distributions. By making use of a Markov chain representation of the probability…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Cheng-Der Fuh , Su-Chi Fuh , Yuan-Chen Liu , Chuan-Ju Wang

We associate to any Riemannian symmetric space (of finite or infinite dimension) a L$^*$-algebra, under the assumption that the curvature operator has a fixed sign. L$^*$-algebras are Lie algebras with a pleasant Hilbert space structure.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Bruno Duchesne

We study the Unadjusted Langevin Algorithm (ULA) for sampling from a probability distribution $\nu = e^{-f}$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$. We prove a convergence guarantee in Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence assuming $\nu$ satisfies a log-Sobolev…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Santosh S. Vempala , Andre Wibisono

We generalize the family of $\alpha$-divergences using a pair of strictly comparable weighted means. In particular, we obtain the $1$-divergence in the limit case $\alpha\rightarrow 1$ (a generalization of the Kullback-Leibler divergence)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Frank Nielsen

The behaviour of the generalized Hilbert operator associated with a positive finite Borel measure $\mu$ on $[0,1)$ is investigated when it acts on weighted Banach spaces of holomorphic functions on the unit disc defined by sup-norms and on…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-26 María J. Beltrán-Meneu , José Bonet , Enrique Jordá

A loss function measures the discrepancy between the true values and their estimated fits, for a given instance of data. In classification problems, a loss function is said to be proper if a minimizer of the expected loss is the true…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Amichai Painsky , Gregory W. Wornell

The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is frequently used in data science. For discrete distributions on large state spaces, approximations of probability vectors may result in a few small negative entries, rendering the KL divergence…