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We describe affine monoids whose group of invertible elements is an active semidirect product of a unipotent group and a torus, in terms of comultiplications on the algebra of regular functions. We introduce the notion of a root monoid,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Ekaterina Nistiuk , Yulia Zaitseva

Integrated Gradients (IG) is a common explainability technique to address the black-box problem of neural networks. Integrated gradients assumes continuous data. Graphs are discrete structures making IG ill-suited to graphs. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Lachlan Simpson , Kyle Millar , Adriel Cheng , Cheng-Chew Lim , Hong Gunn Chew

We give a classification of noncommutative algebraic monoid structures on normal affine varieties such that the group of invertible elements of the monoid is connected, solvable, and has a one-dimensional unipotent radical. We describe the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Yulia Zaitseva

We define and study the Picard group of a monoid scheme and the class group of a normal monoid scheme. To do so, we develop some ideal theory for (pointed abelian) noetherian monoids, including primary decomposition and discrete valuations.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-09-04 Jaret Flores , Charles Weibel

The cut sets of a graph are special sets of vertices whose removal disconnects the graph. They are fundamental in the study of binomial edge ideals, since they encode their minimal primary decomposition. We introduce the class of accessible…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-01-04 Davide Bolognini , Antonio Macchia , Francesco Strazzanti

Determining whether an arbitrary subring $R$ of $k[x_1^{\pm 1},\dots, x_n^{\pm 1}]$ is a normal domain is, in general, a nontrivial problem, even in the special case of a monomial generated domain. In this paper, we provide a complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-13 Drew J. Lipman , Michael A. Burr

Graph prediction problems prevail in data analysis and machine learning. The inverse prediction problem, namely to infer input data from given output labels, is of emerging interest in various applications. In this work, we develop…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-22 Chen Xu , Xiuyuan Cheng , Yao Xie

Pairs of graded graphs, together with the Fomin property of graded graph duality, are rich combinatorial structures providing among other a framework for enumeration. The prototypical example is the one of the Young graded graph of integer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Samuele Giraudo

Given a finite group $G$, its prime graph $\Gamma(G)$ (also known as its Gruenberg-Kegel graph) is the graph whose vertices are the prime divisors of $|G|$ and where edges $\{p, q\}$ exist whenever $G$ contains an element of order $pq$. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Lucas Alland , Andrei Fridman , Thomas Michael Keller

In this paper we introduce compressed commuting graph of rings. It can be seen as a compression of the standard commuting graph (with the central elements added) where we identify the vertices that generate the same subring. The compression…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Ivan-Vanja Boroja , Hamid Reza Dorbidi , Damjana Kokol Bukovšek , Nik Stopar

We introduce and study a mathematical framework for a broad class of regularization functionals for ill-posed inverse problems: Regularization Graphs. Regularization graphs allow to construct functionals using as building blocks linear…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-28 Kristian Bredies , Marcello Carioni , Martin Holler

We view a conic optimization problem that has a unique solution as a map from its data to its solution. If sufficient regularity conditions hold at a solution point, namely that the implicit function theorem applies to the normalized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-28 Enzo Busseti

This is the second in a series of papers that develops the theory of reflection monoids, motivated by the theory of reflection groups. Reflection monoids were first introduced in arXiv:0812.2789. In this paper we study their presentations…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Brent Everitt , John Fountain

We construct an efficient model for graphs of finitely generated subgroups of free groups. Using this we give a very short proof of Dicks's reformulation of the strengthened Hanna Neumann Conjecture as the Amalgamated Graph Conjecture. In…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-10 Larsen Louder , D. B. McReynolds

We study reflection-symmetric realisations of symmetric graphs in the plane that allow a continuous symmetry and edge-length preserving deformation. To do so, we identify a necessary combinatorial condition on graphs with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Sean Dewar , Georg Grasegger , Jan Legerský

We study deterministic constructions of graphs for which the unique completion of low rank matrices is generically possible regardless of the values of the entries. We relate the completability to the presence of some patterns (particular…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Augustin Cosse

Deep generative models have achieved remarkable success in various data domains, including images, time series, and natural languages. There remain, however, substantial challenges for combinatorial structures, including graphs. One of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Tengfei Ma , Jie Chen , Cao Xiao

The focus of this paper is two fold. Firstly, we present a logical approach to graph modification problems such as minimum node deletion, edge deletion, edge augmentation problems by expressing them as an expression in first order (FO)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Kona Harshita , Sounaka Mishra , Renjith. P , N. Sadagopan

We develop several combinatorial notions about laminations, some with clear implications for parameter space. We introduce a simplified class of laminations called finite dynamical laminations (FDL). In order to count FDL, we introduce…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Forrest M. Hilton

Graph products of monoids provide a common framework for direct and free products, and graph monoids (also known as free partially commutative monoids). If the monoids in question are groups, then any graph product is, of course, a group.…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Yang Dandan , Victoria Gould