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With the first phase of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA1) entering into its final pre-construction phase, we investigate how best to maximise its scientific return. Specifically, we focus on the statistical measurement of the 21 cm power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-14 Bradley Greig , Andrei Mesinger , Léon V. E. Koopmans

Interferometry of the cosmic 21-cm signal is set to revolutionise our understanding of the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) and the Cosmic Dawn (CD). The culmination of ongoing efforts will be the upcoming Square Kilometre Array (SKA), which…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Bradley Greig , Andrei Mesinger , Léon V. E. Koopmans

The 21 cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization should be observed within the next decade. While a simple statistical detection is expected with SKA pathfinders, the SKA will hopefully produce a full 3D mapping of the signal. To extract…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-28 Hayato Shimabukuro , Benoit Semelin

Upcoming experiments such as Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) and Square Kilometre Array (SKA) are intended to measure the 21cm signal over a wide range of redshifts, representing an incredible opportunity in advancing our…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-06 Héctor J. Hortúa , Riccardo Volpi , Luigi Malagò

Future Square Kilometre Array (SKA) surveys are expected to generate huge datasets of 21cm maps on cosmological scales from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). We assess the viability of exploiting machine learning techniques, namely,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-13 Sultan Hassan , Sambatra Andrianomena , Caitlin Doughty

Interpreting 21cm measurements from current and upcoming experiments like HERA and the SKA will provide new scientific insights and exciting implications for astrophysics and cosmology regarding the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Several…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-03 Yihao Zhou , Paul La Plante

With a statistical detection of the 21 cm signal fluctuations from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) expected in the next few years, there is an interest in developing robust and precise techniques to constrain the underlying astrophysical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-25 Evan Eames , Aristide Doussot , Benoît Semelin

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will be the first low-frequency instrument with the capability to directly image the structures of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Indeed, deep imaging of the EoR over 5 targeted fields of 20 square degrees…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Qian Zheng , Xiang-Ping Wu , Quan Guo , Melanie Johnston-Hollitt , Huanyuan Shan , Stefan W. Duchesne , Weitian Li

Next generation radio experiments such as LOFAR, HERA and SKA are expected to probe the Epoch of Reionization and claim a first direct detection of the cosmic 21cm signal within the next decade. Data volumes will be enormous and can thus…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-03 Claude J Schmit , Jonathan R Pritchard

Upcoming 21cm surveys with the SKA1-LOW telescope will enable imaging of the neutral hydrogen distribution on cosmological scales in the early Universe. These surveys are expected to generate huge imaging datasets that will encode more…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 Tumelo Mangena , Sultan Hassan , Mario G. Santos

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) features a rich interplay between the first luminous sources and the low-density gas of the intergalactic medium (IGM), where photons from these sources ionize the IGM. There are currently few observational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-07 Paul La Plante , Michelle Ntampaka

Detection of the redshifted 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization is one of the final frontiers of modern observational cosmology. The inherently faint signal makes it susceptible to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Aishrila Mazumder , Abhirup Datta , Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao , Arnab Chakraborty , Saurabh Singh , Anshuman Tripathi , Madhurima Choudhury

The redshifted 21-cm signal is a unique probe of the early universe, particularly the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). While the 21-cm power spectrum has been the primary statistic for parameter inference, it fails to capture the non-Gaussian…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Anoop Krishna , Deepthi Moorkanat , Hiten , Rajesh Mondal

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is a planned radio interferometer of unprecedented scale that will revolutionize low-frequency radio astronomy when completed. In particular, one of its core science drivers is the systematic mapping of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-11 Nichole Barry , Gianni Bernardi , Bradley Greig , Nicholas Kern , Florent Mertens

Radio interferometric experiments aim to constrain the reionization model parameters by measuring the 21-cm signal statistics, primarily the power spectrum. However the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) 21-cm signal is highly non-Gaussian, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-04 Himanshu Tiwari , Abinash Kumar Shaw , Suman Majumdar , Mohd Kamran , Madhurima Choudhury

The 21cm line from the spin-flip transition of neutral hydrogen (HI) provides a unique window into the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), the final phase transition of our Universe. The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) enables precise measurements of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-09 Yannic Pietschke , Caroline Heneka , Tom Schlenker , Ayodele Ore , Benedikt Schosser

The 21-cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is a powerful probe of the evolution of the Universe. However, accurate measurements of the EoR signal from radio interferometric observations are sensitive to efficient foreground…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-23 Madhurima Choudhury , Jonathan C. Pober

We introduce simulations aimed at assessing how well weak gravitational lensing of 21cm radiation from the Epoch of Reionization ($z \sim 8$) can be measured by an SKA-like radio telescope. A simulation pipeline has been implemented to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-21 Alessandro Romeo , R. Benton Metcalf , Alkistis Pourtsidou

Cosmic Dawn (CD) and Epoch of Reionization (EoR) are epochs of the Universe which host invaluable information about the cosmology and astrophysics of X-ray heating and hydrogen reionization. Radio interferometric observations of the 21-cm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-10 Anchal Saxena , Alex Cole , Simon Gazagnes , P. Daniel Meerburg , Christoph Weniger , Samuel J. Witte

Observations with radio arrays that target the 21-cm signal originating from the early Universe suffer from a variety of systematic effects. An important class of these are reflections and spurious couplings between antennas. We apply a…

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