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A major challenge in the field of Text Generation is evaluation because we lack a sound theory that can be leveraged to extract guidelines for evaluation campaigns. In this work, we propose a first step towards such a theory that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Pius von Däniken , Jan Deriu , Don Tuggener , Mark Cieliebak

The recent successes of large language models (LLMs) have led to a surge of theoretical research into language generation. A recent line of work proposes an abstract view, called language generation in the limit, where generation is seen as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Jon Kleinberg , Fan Wei

Generative artificial intelligence has made significant strides, producing text indistinguishable from human prose and remarkably photorealistic images. Automatically measuring how close the generated data distribution is to the target…

We propose a model-based metric to estimate the factual accuracy of generated text that is complementary to typical scoring schemes like ROUGE (Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation) and BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Ben Goodrich , Vinay Rao , Mohammad Saleh , Peter J Liu

Re-speaking is a mechanism for obtaining high quality subtitles for use in live broadcast and other public events. Because it relies on humans performing the actual re-speaking, the task of estimating the quality of the results is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-13 Krzysztof Wołk , Danijel Koržinek

Controllable Text Generation (CTG) has obtained great success due to its fine-grained generation ability obtained by focusing on multiple attributes. However, most existing CTG researches overlook how to utilize the attribute entanglement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Shulin Huang , Shirong Ma , Yinghui Li , Yangning Li , Shiyang Lin , Hai-Tao Zheng , Ying Shen

Researchers have devised numerous ways to quantify social biases vested in pretrained language models. As some language models are capable of generating coherent completions given a set of textual prompts, several prompting datasets have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Afra Feyza Akyürek , Muhammed Yusuf Kocyigit , Sejin Paik , Derry Wijaya

The success of Deep Learning has created a surge in interest in a wide a range of Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks. Deep Learning has not only pushed the state of the art in several existing NLG tasks but has also facilitated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Ananya B. Sai , Akash Kumar Mohankumar , Mitesh M. Khapra

Recent advances in large pre-trained language models have demonstrated strong results in generating natural languages and significantly improved performances for many natural language generation (NLG) applications such as machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Nanyun Peng

The majority of NLG evaluation relies on automatic metrics, such as BLEU . In this paper, we motivate the need for novel, system- and data-independent automatic evaluation methods: We investigate a wide range of metrics, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Jekaterina Novikova , Ondřej Dušek , Amanda Cercas Curry , Verena Rieser

One of the most important challenges in text generation systems is to produce outputs that are not only correct but also diverse. Recently, Minimum Bayes-Risk (MBR) decoding has gained prominence for generating sentences of the highest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Yuu Jinnai , Ukyo Honda , Tetsuro Morimura , Peinan Zhang

In this study, we analyze automatic evaluation metrics for Natural Language Generation (NLG), specifically task-agnostic metrics and human-aligned metrics. Task-agnostic metrics, such as Perplexity, BLEU, BERTScore, are cost-effective and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Iftitahu Ni'mah , Meng Fang , Vlado Menkovski , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Natural language generation (NLG) spans a broad range of tasks, each of which serves for specific objectives and desires different properties of generated text. The complexity makes automatic evaluation of NLG particularly challenging.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Mingkai Deng , Bowen Tan , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

Prototype-driven text generation uses non-parametric models that first choose from a library of sentence "prototypes" and then modify the prototype to generate the output text. While effective, these methods are inefficient at test time as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Junxian He , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Graham Neubig

Pretrained language models (PLMs), such as GPT2, have achieved remarkable empirical performance in text generation tasks. However, pretrained on large-scale natural language corpora, the generated text from PLMs may exhibit social bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Rui Wang , Pengyu Cheng , Ricardo Henao

When generating text from probabilistic models, the chosen decoding strategy has a profound effect on the resulting text. Yet the properties elicited by various decoding strategies do not always transfer across natural language generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Gian Wiher , Clara Meister , Ryan Cotterell

Text Generation Models (TGMs) succeed in creating text that matches human language style reasonably well. Detectors that can distinguish between TGM-generated text and human-written ones play an important role in preventing abuse of TGM. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Narek Maloyan , Bulat Nutfullin , Eugene Ilyushin

There has always been criticism for using $n$-gram based similarity metrics, such as BLEU, NIST, etc, for evaluating the performance of NLG systems. However, these metrics continue to remain popular and are recently being used for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Preksha Nema , Mitesh M. Khapra

Generic generation and manipulation of text is challenging and has limited success compared to recent deep generative modeling in visual domain. This paper aims at generating plausible natural language sentences, whose attributes are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Zhiting Hu , Zichao Yang , Xiaodan Liang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Eric P. Xing

Although neural-based machine translation evaluation metrics, such as COMET or BLEURT, have achieved strong correlations with human judgements, they are sometimes unreliable in detecting certain phenomena that can be considered as critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Taisiya Glushkova , Chrysoula Zerva , André F. T. Martins