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Hyperspectral unmixing, the process of estimating a common set of spectral bases and their corresponding composite percentages at each pixel, is an important task for hyperspectral analysis, visualization and understanding. From an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Feiyun Zhu , Ying Wang , Bin Fan , Gaofeng Meng , Shiming Xiang , Chunhong Pan

In this paper, we propose a Two-Step Linear Mixing Model (2LMM) that bridges the gap between model complexity and computational tractability. The model achieves this by introducing two distinct scaling steps: an endmember scaling step…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Xander Haijen , Bikram Koirala , Xuanwen Tao , Paul Scheunders

Unmixing reveals the spatial distribution and spectral details of different constituents, called endmembers, in a hyperspectral image. Because unmixing has limited ground truth requirements, can accommodate mixed pixels, and is closely tied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Joseph L. Garrett , P. S. Vishnu , Pauliina Salmi , Daniela Lupu , Nitesh Kumar Singh , Ion Necoara , Tor Arne Johansen

Spectral unmixing (SU) of hyperspectral images (HSIs) is one of the important areas in remote sensing (RS) that needs to be carefully addressed in different RS applications. Despite the high spectral resolution of the hyperspectral data,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-20 Seyed Hossein Mosavi Azarang , Roozbeh Rajabi , Hadi Zayyani , Amin Zehtabian

We present a method for hyperspectral pixel {\it unmixing}. The proposed method assumes that (1) {\it abundances} can be encoded as Dirichlet distributions and (2) spectra of {\it endmembers} can be represented as multivariate Normal…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-07 Kiran Mantripragada , Faisal Z. Qureshi

Due to the large footprint of pixels in remote sensing imagery, hyperspectral unmixing (HU) has become an important and necessary procedure in hyperspectral image analysis. Traditional HU methods rely on a prior spectral mixing model,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Maofeng Tang , Hairong Qi

Linear spectral mixture models (LMM) provide a concise form to disentangle the constituent materials (endmembers) and their corresponding proportions (abundance) in a single pixel. The critical challenges are how to model the spectral prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yimin Zhu , Lincoln Linlin Xu

Hyperspectral unmixing remains one of the most challenging tasks in the analysis of such data. Deep learning has been blooming in the field and proved to outperform other classic unmixing techniques, and can be effectively deployed onboard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Lukasz Tulczyjew , Michal Kawulok , Nicolas Longépé , Bertrand Le Saux , Jakub Nalepa

Hyperspectral images contain mixed pixels due to low spatial resolution of hyperspectral sensors. Mixed pixels are pixels containing more than one distinct material called endmembers. The presence percentages of endmembers in mixed pixels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-07-02 Roozbeh Rajabi , Hassan Ghassemian

In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm based on archetypal analysis for blind hyperspectral unmixing, assuming linear mixing of endmembers. Archetypal analysis is a natural formulation for this task. This method does not require the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-27 Alexandre Zouaoui , Gedeon Muhawenayo , Behnood Rasti , Jocelyn Chanussot , Julien Mairal

Blind source separation is a common processing tool to analyse the constitution of pixels of hyperspectral images. Such methods usually suppose that pure pixel spectra (endmembers) are the same in all the image for each class of materials.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-03 Charlotte Revel , Yannick Deville , Véronique Achard , Xavier Briottet

In this paper, we propose a methodology for extracting molecular tumor biomarkers from hyperspectral imaging (HSI), an emerging technology for intraoperative tissue assessment. To achieve this, we employ spectral unmixing, allowing to…

Hyperspectral unmixing allows representing mixed pixels as a set of pure materials weighted by their abundances. Spectral features alone are often insufficient, so it is common to rely on other features of the scene. Matrix models become…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Mohamad Jouni , Mauro Dalla Mura , Lucas Drumetz , Pierre Comon

Hyperspectral imaging is a cutting-edge type of remote sensing used for mapping vegetation properties, rock minerals and other materials. A major drawback of hyperspectral imaging devices is their intrinsic low spatial resolution. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Leon Bungert , David A. Coomes , Matthias J. Ehrhardt , Jennifer Rasch , Rafael Reisenhofer , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Sparse hyperspectral unmixing from large spectral libraries has been considered to circumvent limitations of endmember extraction algorithms in many applications. This strategy often leads to ill-posed inverse problems, which can benefit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-29 Ricardo Augusto Borsoi , Tales Imbiriba , José Carlos Moreira Bermudez , Cédric Richard

Incorporating spatial information into hyperspectral unmixing procedures has been shown to have positive effects, due to the inherent spatial-spectral duality in hyperspectral scenes. Current research works that consider spatial information…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-11-01 Jie Chen , Cédric Richard , Alfred O. Hero

Hyperspectral unmixing has been an important technique that estimates a set of endmembers and their corresponding abundances from a hyperspectral image (HSI). Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) plays an increasingly significant role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Xin-Ru Feng , Heng-Chao Li , Rui Wang , Qian Du , Xiuping Jia , Antonio Plaza

Due to low spatial resolution, hyperspectral data often consists of mixtures of contributions from multiple materials. This limitation motivates the task of hyperspectral unmixing (HU), a fundamental problem in hyperspectral imaging. HU…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Gokul Bhusal , Yifei Lou , Cristina Garcia-Cardona , Ekaterina Merkurjev

Spectral variability significantly impacts the accuracy and convergence of hyperspectral unmixing algorithms. Many methods address complex spectral variability; yet large-scale distortions to the scale of the observed pixel signatures due…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-18 Praveen Sumanasekara , Athulya Ratnayake , Buddhi Wijenayake , Keshawa Ratnayake , Roshan Godaliyadda , Parakrama Ekanayake , Vijitha Herath

This paper presents a fast spectral unmixing algorithm based on Dykstra's alternating projection. The proposed algorithm formulates the fully constrained least squares optimization problem associated with the spectral unmixing task as an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-08 Qi Wei , Jose Bioucas-Dias , Nicolas Dobigeon , Jean-Yves Tourneret