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VAEs are probabilistic graphical models based on neural networks that allow the coding of input data in a latent space formed by simpler probability distributions and the reconstruction, based on such latent variables, of the source data.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jordi de la Torre

The Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) is one of the most used unsupervised machine learning models. But although the default choice of a Gaussian distribution for both the prior and posterior represents a mathematically convenient distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-28 Tim R. Davidson , Luca Falorsi , Nicola De Cao , Thomas Kipf , Jakub M. Tomczak

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a powerful architecture capable of representation learning and generative modeling. When it comes to learning interpretable (disentangled) representations, VAE and its variants show unparalleled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Michal Rolinek , Dominik Zietlow , Georg Martius

Although unsupervised generative modeling of an image dataset using a Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) has been used to detect anomalous images, or anomalous regions in images, recent works have shown that this method often identifies images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-13 David Dehaene , Pierre Eline

Variational autoencoders (VAE) are directed generative models that learn factorial latent variables. As noted by Burda et al. (2015), these models exhibit the problem of factor over-pruning where a significant number of stochastic factors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Serena Yeung , Anitha Kannan , Yann Dauphin , Li Fei-Fei

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful deep generative models widely used to represent high-dimensional complex data through a low-dimensional latent space learned in an unsupervised manner. In the original VAE model, the input data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Laurent Girin , Simon Leglaive , Xiaoyu Bie , Julien Diard , Thomas Hueber , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

In this paper, we present an unsupervised probabilistic model and associated estimation algorithm for multi-object tracking (MOT) based on a dynamical variational autoencoder (DVAE), called DVAE-UMOT. The DVAE is a latent-variable deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Xiaoyu Lin , Laurent Girin , Xavier Alameda-Pineda

Due to the intractable partition function, training energy-based models (EBMs) by maximum likelihood requires Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to approximate the gradient of the Kullback-Leibler divergence between data and model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-28 Jianwen Xie , Zilong Zheng , Ping Li

Learning a generative model from partial data (data with missingness) is a challenging area of machine learning research. We study a specific implementation of the Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes (AEVB) algorithm, named in this paper as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Amir Zadeh , Yao-Chong Lim , Paul Pu Liang , Louis-Philippe Morency

Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) has been extended as a representative nonlinear method for collaborative filtering. However, the bottleneck of VAE lies in the softmax computation over all items, such that it takes linear costs in the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Jin Chen , Defu Lian , Binbin Jin , Xu Huang , Kai Zheng , Enhong Chen

Deep probabilistic generative models have achieved incredible success in many fields of application. Among such models, variational autoencoders (VAEs) have proved their ability in modeling a generative process by learning a latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Eleonora Grassucci , Danilo Comminiello , Aurelio Uncini

Graph structured data are abundant in the real world. Among different graph types, directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are of particular interest to machine learning researchers, as many machine learning models are realized as computations on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Muhan Zhang , Shali Jiang , Zhicheng Cui , Roman Garnett , Yixin Chen

Anomaly detection is a common analytical task that aims to identify rare cases that differ from the typical cases that make up the majority of a dataset. When applied to the analysis of event sequence data, the task of anomaly detection can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Shunan Guo , Zhuochen Jin , Qing Chen , David Gotz , Hongyuan Zha , Nan Cao

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been used extensively to discover low-dimensional latent factors governing neural activity and animal behavior. However, without careful model selection, the uncovered latent factors may reflect noise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Julia Huiming Wang , Dexter Tsin , Tatiana Engel

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are popular generative models used to sample from complex data distributions. Despite their empirical success in various machine learning tasks, significant gaps remain in understanding their theoretical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-23 Sobihan Surendran , Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Sylvain Le Corff

In this paper we present a new implementation of a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) for the calibration of sensors. We propose that the VAE can be used to calibrate sensor data by training the latent space as a calibration output. We discuss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Travis Barrett , Amit Kumar Mishra , Joyce Mwangama

Purpose: Handling heterogeneous and mixed data types has become increasingly critical with the exponential growth in real-world databases. While deep generative models attempt to merge diverse data views into a common latent space, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Alejandro Guerrero-López , Carlos Sevilla-Salcedo , Vanessa Gómez-Verdejo , Pablo M. Olmos

Deep generative models provide flexible frameworks for modeling complex, structured data such as images, videos, 3D objects, and texts. However, when applied to sequences of human skeletons, standard variational autoencoders (VAEs) often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Arafat Rahman , Shashwat Kumar , Laura E. Barnes , Anuj Srivastava

Dynamic vision sensors (DVS) are bio-inspired devices that capture visual information in the form of asynchronous events, which encode changes in pixel intensity with high temporal resolution and low latency. These events provide rich…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Jingkai Sun , Qiang Zhang , Jiaxu Wang , Jiahang Cao , Renjing Xu

The task of predicting stochastic behaviors of road agents in diverse environments is a challenging problem for autonomous driving. To best understand scene contexts and produce diverse possible future states of the road agents adaptively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Geunseob Oh , Huei Peng