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Several code summarization techniques have been proposed in the literature to automatically document a code snippet or a function. Ideally, software developers should be involved in assessing the quality of the generated summaries. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Antonio Mastropaolo , Matteo Ciniselli , Massimiliano Di Penta , Gabriele Bavota

Software documentation is essential for program comprehension, developer onboarding, code review, and long-term maintenance. Yet producing quality documentation manually is time-consuming and frequently yields incomplete or inconsistent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Afia Farjana , Zaiyu Cheng , Antonio Mastropaolo

Neural machine translation models are used to automatically generate a document from given source code since this can be regarded as a machine translation task. Source code summarization is one of the components for automatic document…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Yusuke Shido , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Akihiro Yamamoto , Atsushi Miyamoto , Tadayuki Matsumura

To support software developers in understanding and maintaining programs, various automatic code summarization techniques have been proposed to generate a concise natural language comment for a given code snippet. Recently, the emergence of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Weisong Sun , Chunrong Fang , Yudu You , Yun Miao , Yi Liu , Yuekang Li , Gelei Deng , Shenghan Huang , Yuchen Chen , Quanjun Zhang , Hanwei Qian , Yang Liu , Zhenyu Chen

One common task of developing or maintaining software is searching the source code for information like specific method calls or write accesses to certain fields. This kind of information is required to correctly implement new features and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Markus Kimmig , Martin Monperrus , Mira Mezini

This is a companion draft to paper 'Software Clustering: Unifying Syntactic and Semantic Features', in proceedings of the 19th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (WCRE 2012). It discusses the clustering process in detail, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Janardan Misra , Vikrant Kaulgud , Gary Titus , Annervaz KM , Shubhashis Sengupta

(Source) code summarization is the task of automatically generating natural language summaries (also called comments) for given code snippets. Recently, with the successful application of large language models (LLMs) in numerous fields,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Tingting Xu , Yun Miao , Chunrong Fang , Hanwei Qian , Xia Feng , Zhenpeng Chen , Chong Wang , Jian Zhang , Weisong Sun , Zhenyu Chen , Yang Liu

Worked examples (solutions to typical programming problems presented as a source code in a certain language and are used to explain the topics from a programming class) are among the most popular types of learning content in programming…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Mohammad Hassany , Peter Brusilovsky , Jiaze Ke , Kamil Akhuseyinoglu , Arun Balajiee Lekshmi Narayanan

This paper describes the results of a large (+1100 responses) survey of professional software developers concerning standards for naming source code methods. The various standards for source code method names are derived from and supported…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Reem S. AlSuhaibani , Christian D. Newman , Michael J. Decker , Michael L. Collard , Jonathan I. Maletic

Code documentation is useful, but writing it is time-consuming. Different techniques for generating code summaries have emerged, but comparing them is difficult because human evaluation is expensive and automatic metrics are unreliable. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jade Robinson , Jonathan K. Kummerfeld

This paper presents Megadiff, a dataset of source code diffs. It focuses on Java, with strict inclusion criteria based on commit message and diff size. Megadiff contains 663 029 Java diffs that can be used for research on commit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Martin Monperrus , Matias Martinez , He Ye , Fernanda Madeiral , Thomas Durieux , Zhongxing Yu

Code comments are important artifacts in software systems and play a paramount role in many software engineering (SE) tasks related to maintenance and program comprehension. However, while it is widely accepted that high quality matters in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Pooja Rani , Arianna Blasi , Nataliia Stulova , Sebastiano Panichella , Alessandra Gorla , Oscar Nierstrasz

In the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), the code summarization technique boosts a lot, along with the emergence of many new significant works. However, the potential of code summarization in the Computer Security Area still remains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Yifan Huang , Weisong Sun , Yubin Qu

Repository summarization is a crucial research question in development and maintenance for software engineering. Existing repository summarization techniques primarily focus on summarizing code according to the directory tree, which is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yifeng Zhu , Xianlin Zhao , Xutian Li , Yanzhen Zou , Haizhuo Yuan , Yue Wang , Bing Xie

Cross-lingual summarization (CLS) has attracted increasing interest in recent years due to the availability of large-scale web-mined datasets and the advancements of multilingual language models. However, given the rareness of naturally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ruochen Zhang , Carsten Eickhoff

Summarizing source code into natural language descriptions (code summarization) helps developers better understand program functionality and reduce the burden of software maintenance. Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs), as opposed to source code,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Shijia Dong , Haoruo Zhao , Paul Harvey

Natural language is robust against noise. The meaning of many sentences survives the loss of words, sometimes many of them. Some words in a sentence, however, cannot be lost without changing the meaning of the sentence. We call these words…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Martin Velez , Dong Qiu , You Zhou , Earl T. Barr , Zhendong Su

Text summarization aims at compressing long documents into a shorter form that conveys the most important parts of the original document. Despite increased interest in the community and notable research effort, progress on benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Wojciech Kryściński , Nitish Shirish Keskar , Bryan McCann , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher

Consensus is a common method for computing a function of the data distributed among the nodes of a network. Of particular interest is distributed average consensus, whereby the nodes iteratively compute the sample average of the data stored…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Ryan Pilgrim

In this paper, the term formula code refers to fragments of source code that implement a mathematical formula. We present empirical studies that analyze the diversity and frequency of formula code in open-source-software projects. In an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Oliver Moseler , Felix Lemmer , Sebastian Baltes , Stephan Diehl