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This paper studies one-sided hypothesis testing under random sampling without replacement. That is, when $n+1$ binary random variables $X_1,\ldots, X_{n+1}$ are subject to a permutation invariant distribution and $n$ binary random variables…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-07 Zihao Li , Huangjun Zhu , Masahito Hayashi

In large scale genetic association studies, a primary aim is to test for association between genetic variants and a disease outcome. The variants of interest are often rare, and appear with low frequency among subjects. In this situation,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-20 Arjun Sondhi , Kenneth Martin Rice

Randomization inference is a widely-used and appealing approach for analyzing treatment effects in randomized experiments, as it is finite-sample valid and does not require any distributional assumptions. However, naive application of…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-12 Xinran Li , Peizan Sheng , Zeyang Yu

There is a movement in design of experiments away from the classic randomization put forward by Fisher, Cochran and others to one based on optimization. In fixed-sample trials comparing two groups, measurements of subjects are known in…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-22 Adam Kapelner , Abba M. Krieger , Uri Shalit , David Azriel

What proportion of treated units actually benefited from an experimental intervention? What is the median or the largest individual treatment effect? This paper develops methods for answering such questions about the distribution of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 David Kim , Yongchang Su , Jake Bowers , Xinran Li

In modern scientific research, small-scale studies with limited participants are increasingly common. However, interpreting individual outcomes can be challenging, making it standard practice to combine data across studies using random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Lucas Kania , Larry Wasserman , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

The rapid development of derandomization theory, which is a fundamental area in theoretical computer science, has recently led to many surprising applications outside its initial intention. We will review some recent such developments…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Mahdi Cheraghchi

The flexibility and wide applicability of the Fisher randomization test (FRT) makes it an attractive tool for assessment of causal effects of interventions from modern-day randomized experiments that are increasing in size and complexity.…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-04-21 Xiaokang Luo , Tirthankar Dasgupta , Minge Xie , Regina Liu

Typically, a randomized experiment is designed to test a hypothesis about the average treatment effect and sometimes hypotheses about treatment effect variation. The results of such a study may then be used to inform policy and practice for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-01 Elizabeth Tipton , Michalis Mamakos

The presence of interference renders classic Fisher randomization tests infeasible due to nuisance unknowns. To address this issue, we propose imputing the nuisance unknowns and computing Fisher randomization p-values multiple times, then…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-14 Tingxuan Han , Ke Zhu , Hanzhong Liu , Ke Deng

The influence maximization paradigm has been used by researchers in various fields in order to study how information spreads in social networks. While previously the attention was mostly on efficiency, more recently fairness issues have…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Ruben Becker , Gianlorenzo D'Angelo , Sajjad Ghobadi , Hugo Gilbert

Understanding how student peers influence learning outcomes is crucial for effective education management in complex social systems. The complexities of peer selection and evolving peer relationships, however, pose challenges for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-26 Yi Cao , Tao Zhou , Jian Gao

Classical randomized experiments, equipped with randomization-based inference, provide assumption-free inference for treatment effects. They have been the gold standard for drawing causal inference and provide excellent internal validity.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-22 Zihao Yang , Tianyi Qu , Xinran Li

In this article we provide a systematic experimental method for sorting animals according to socially relevant traits, without assaying them or even tagging them individually. Instead, they are repeatedly subjected to behavioural assays in…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-23 Alex Szorkovszky , Alexander Kotrschal , James E. Herbert Read , David J. T. Sumpter , Niclas Kolm , Kristiaan Pelckmans

Peer effects, in which the behavior of an individual is affected by the behavior of their peers, are posited by multiple theories in the social sciences. Other processes can also produce behaviors that are correlated in networks and groups,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-16 Dean Eckles , Eytan Bakshy

Adaptive experiments can increase the chance that current students obtain better outcomes from a field experiment of an instructional intervention. In such experiments, the probability of assigning students to conditions changes while more…

We propose a general new method, the conditional permutation test, for testing the conditional independence of variables $X$ and $Y$ given a potentially high-dimensional random vector $Z$ that may contain confounding factors. The proposed…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-08 Thomas B. Berrett , Yi Wang , Rina Foygel Barber , Richard J. Samworth

The meaning of randomization tests has become obscure in statistics education and practice over the last century. This article makes a fresh attempt at rectifying this core concept of statistics. A new term -- "quasi-randomization test" --…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-05 Yao Zhang , Qingyuan Zhao

Comparing with lecturer marked assessments, peer assessment is a more comprehensive learning process and many of the associated problems have occurred. In this research work, we study the peer-assessment impact on group learning activities…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Zhiyuan Chen , Soon Boon Lee , Shazia Paras Shaikh , Mirza Rayana Sanzana

This work presents a content-based recommender system for machine learning classifier algorithms. Given a new data set, a recommendation of what classifier is likely to perform best is made based on classifier performance over similar known…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Marta Arias , Argimiro Arratia , Ariel Duarte-Lopez