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Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a widely used dimension reduction method that factorizes a non-negative data matrix into two lower dimensional non-negative matrices: One is the basis or feature matrix which consists of the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-11-03 Yun Cai , Hong Gu , Toby Kenney

Traditional nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) learns a new feature representation on the whole data space, which means treating all features equally. However, a subspace is often sufficient for accurate representation in practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Junhang Li , Jiao Wei , Can Tong , Tingting Shen , Yuchen Liu , Chen Li , Shouliang Qi , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

An algorithm is described and tested that carries out a non negative matrix factorization (NMF) ignoring any stretching of the signal along the axis of the independent variable. This extended NMF model is called StretchedNMF. Variability in…

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a widely used tool for learning parts-based, low-dimensional representations of nonnegative data, with applications in vision, text, and bioinformatics. In clustering applications, orthogonal NMF…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Manh Nguyen , Daniel Pimentel-Alarcón

Modern spectroscopic databases provide a wealth of information about the physical processes and environments associated with astrophysical populations. Techniques such as blind source separation (BSS), in which sets of spectra are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 James T. Allen , Paul C. Hewett , Vasily Belokurov , Vivienne Wild

Dimensionality Reduction plays a pivotal role in improving feature learning accuracy and reducing training time by eliminating redundant features, noise, and irrelevant data. Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has emerged as a popular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Farid Saberi-Movahed , Kamal Berahman , Razieh Sheikhpour , Yuefeng Li , Shirui Pan

Collaborative filtering generates recommendations by exploiting user-item similarities based on rating data, which often contains numerous unrated items. To predict scores for unrated items, matrix factorization techniques such as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-30 Yukino Terui , Yuka Inoue , Yohei Hamakawa , Kosuke Tatsumura , Kazue Kudo

High-dimensional time series prediction is needed in applications as diverse as demand forecasting and climatology. Often, such applications require methods that are both highly scalable, and deal with noisy data in terms of corruptions or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-18 Hsiang-Fu Yu , Nikhil Rao , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a linear dimensionality reduction technique for nonnegative data, with applications such as hyperspectral unmixing and topic modeling. NMF is a difficult problem in general (NP-hard), and its…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Junjun Pan , Valentin Leplat , Michael Ng , Nicolas Gillis

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a prob- lem with many applications, ranging from facial recognition to document clustering. However, due to the variety of algorithms that solve NMF, the randomness involved in these algorithms,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-12-17 Connor Sell , Jeremy Kepner

We show how to incorporate information from labeled examples into nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), a popular unsupervised learning algorithm for dimensionality reduction. In addition to mapping the data into a space of lower…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-12-19 Youngmin Cho , Lawrence K. Saul

We introduce NPEFF (Non-Negative Per-Example Fisher Factorization), an interpretability method that aims to uncover strategies used by a model to generate its predictions. NPEFF decomposes per-example Fisher matrices using a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Michael Matena , Colin Raffel

In this article, we study algorithms for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) in various applications involving streaming data. Utilizing the continual nature of the data, we develop a fast two-stage algorithm for highly efficient and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-22 Ran Gu , Qiang Du , Simon J. L. Billinge

We present a motivating example for matrix multiplication based on factoring a data matrix. Traditionally, matrix multiplication is motivated by applications in physics: composing rigid transformations, scaling, sheering, etc. We present an…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-04-04 Barak A. Pearlmutter , Helena Šmigoc

In this paper, a parallel computing method is proposed to perform the background denoising and wheezing detection from a multi-channel recording captured during the auscultation process. The proposed system is based on a non-negative matrix…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-11 Antonio J. Muñoz-Montoro , Pablo Revuelta-Sanz , Damian Martínez-Muñoz , Juan Torre-Cruz , José Ranilla

Matrix factorization is a powerful data analysis tool. It has been used in multivariate time series analysis, leading to the decomposition of the series in a small set of latent factors. However, little is known on the statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-22 Pierre Alquier , Nicolas Marie

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely used in machine learning and signal processing because of its non-subtractive, part-based property which enhances interpretability. It is often assumed that the latent dimensionality…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-25 Zhaoqiang Liu

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and non-negative tensor factorization (NTF) decompose non-negative high-dimensional data into non-negative low-rank components. NMF and NTF methods are popular for their intrinsic interpretability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Alexander Sietsema , Zerrin Vural , James Chapman , Yotam Yaniv , Deanna Needell

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a natural model of admixture and is widely used in science and engineering. A plethora of algorithms have been developed to tackle NMF, but due to the non-convex nature of the problem, there is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-09 Rong Ge , James Zou

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has found many applications including topic modeling and document analysis. Hierarchical NMF (HNMF) variants are able to learn topics at various levels of granularity and illustrate their hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Joshua Vendrow , Jamie Haddock , Deanna Needell