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A formalism for quantizing time reparametrization invariant dynamics is considered and applied to systems which contain an `almost ideal clock.' Previously, this formalism was successfully applied to the Bianchi models and, while it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Donald Marolf

We present a framework for relativistic quantum metrology that is useful for both Earth-based and space-based technologies. Quantum metrology has been so far successfully applied to design precision instruments such as clocks and sensors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-23 Mehdi Ahmadi , David Edward Bruschi , Carlos Sabín , Gerardo Adesso , Ivette Fuentes

According to general relativity, clocks are the basic measuring devices needed to probe spacetime geometry. However, it is generally accepted that the mass of clocks capable of measuring small time intervals must be bounded from below. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-02 Bruno Arderucio Costa , Yafet E. Sanchez Sanchez

It is currently unknown whether the laws of physics permit time travel into the past. While general relativity indicates the theoretical possibility of causality violation, it is now widely accepted that a theory of quantum gravity must…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-03 Jacques Pienaar

The quantum description of time evolution in non-linear gravitational systems such as cosmological space-times is not well understood. We show, in the simplified setting of mini-superspace, that time evolution of this system can be obtained…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-02 Anne-Katherine Burns , David E. Kaplan , Tom Melia , Surjeet Rajendran

The process of identifying a time variable in time reparameterization invariant theories results in great ambiguities about the actual laws of physics described by a given theory. A theory set up to describe one set of physical laws can…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-08 Andreas Albrecht , Alberto Iglesias

Normally we quantize along the space dimensions but treat time classically. But from relativity we expect a high level of symmetry between time and space. What happens if we quantize time using the same rules we use to quantize space? To do…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-06 John Ashmead

We derive a Hamiltonian for the external and internal dynamics of an electromagnetically bound, charged two-particle system in external electromagnetic and gravitational fields, including leading-order relativistic corrections. We apply…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-02-06 V. J. Martínez-Lahuerta , S. Eilers , T. E. Mehlstäubler , P. O. Schmidt , K. Hammerer

We introduced with coauthors some years ago a solution to the problem of time in quantum gravity which consists in formulating the quantum theory in terms of real clocks. It combines Page and Wootters' relational proposal with Rovelli's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-03 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

We critically discuss the measure of very short time intervals. By means of a "gedankenexperiment", we describe an ideal clock based on the occurrence of completely random events. We show that the minimum time interval Delta t that this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-23 Luciano Burderi , Tiziana Di Salvo

This paper puts forward a broad critical analysis of the concept of physical time. Clock effect is conceived as a consequence of the variation of the gravitational or pseudo gravitational potential, and it is remarked that only some real…

General Physics · Physics 2018-09-05 Claudio Borghi

The perspective is advanced that the time parameter in quantum mechanics corresponds to the time coordinate in a Minkowski flat spacetime local approximation to the actual dynamical curved spacetime of General Relativity, rather than to an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-27 Mariano Bauer , Cesar Augusto Aguillon , Gustavo Garcia

When one takes into account gravitation, the measurement of space and time cannot be carried out with infinite accuracy. When quantum mechanics is reformulated taking into account this lack of accuracy, the resolution of the measurement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-03-16 Rodolfo Gambini , Jorge Pullin

The gedanken experiment of the clock paradox is solved exactly using the general relativistic equations for a static homogeneous gravitational field. We demonstrate that the general and special relativistic clock paradox solutions are…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Preston Jones , Lucas F. Wanex

In quantum mechanics time usually appears as classical parameter which means that it is treated as being essentially different from spatial coordinates that are represented by operators. On the other hand, relativity theory demands to treat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-30 Slobodan Prvanović , Dušan Arsenović

We point out that, if one accepts the view that the standard second on an atomic clock is dilated at low gravitational potential (ordinary gravitational time dilation), then the standard meter must also be dilated at low gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-18 Richard J. Cook

A cyclic nature of quantum mechanical clock is discussed as ``quantization of time." Quantum mechanical clock is seen to be equivalent to the relativistic classical clock.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Hitoshi Kitada

The effective approach to quantum dynamics allows a reformulation of the Dirac quantization procedure for constrained systems in terms of an infinite-dimensional constrained system of classical type. For semiclassical approximations, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-20 Martin Bojowald , Philipp A Hoehn , Artur Tsobanjan

Using the relativistic concept of time dilation we show that a superposition of gravitational potentials can lead to nonunitary time evolution. For sufficiently weak gravitational potentials one can still define, for all intents and…

This thesis contains an analysis of the problem of time in quantum cosmology and its application to a cosmological minisuperspace model. In the first part, we introduce the problem of time and the theoretical foundations. In the second…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-18 Lucía Menéndez-Pidal