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The structure and dynamics of the water/vapor interface is revisited by means of path-integral and second-generation Car-Parrinello ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with an instantaneous surface definition [A. P.…

The discovery of high-density liquid (HDL) and low-density liquid (LDL) water has been a major success of molecular simulations, yet extending this analysis to interfacial water is challenging due to conventional order parameters assuming…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-03 Pal Jedlovszky , Christoph Dellago , Marcello Sega

Local polarization effects, induced by mono and divalent positive ions in water, influence (and in turn are influenced by) the large scale structural properties of the solvent. Experiments can only distinguish this process of interplay in a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-07-04 Christian Krekeler , Luigi Delle Site

The dielectric permittivity of liquid water is a fundamental property that underlies its distinctive behaviors in numerious physical, biological, and chemical processes. Within a machine learning framework, we present a unified approach to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-11 Kehan Cai , Chunyi Zhang , Xifan Wu

For wetting films in dilute electrolyte solutions close to charged walls we present analytic expressions for their effective interface potentials. The analysis of these expressions renders the conditions under which corresponding wetting…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-05-12 Ingrid Ibagon , Markus Bier , S. Dietrich

Sum frequency generation vibrational spectra of the water molecules at the NaF and KF aqueous solution surfaces showed significantly different spectral features and different concentration dependence. This result is the first direct…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-08-29 Ran-ran Feng , Hong-tao Bian , Yuan Guo , Hong-fei Wang*

We consider a classical (capillary) model for a one-phase liquid in equilibrium. The liquid (e.g. water) is subject to a volume constraint, it does not mix with the surrounding vapour (e.g. air), it may come into contact with solid supports…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Costante Bellettini

Water behaves very differently at surfaces and under extreme confinement, but the boundary between these two regimes has remained unclear. Despite evidence that interfacial effects persist under sub-nanometre confinement, the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Xavier R. Advincula , Christoph Schran , Angelos Michaelides

This paper extends our earlier studies of free energy functions of density and crystalline order parameters for models of supercooled water, which allows us to examine the possibility of two distinct metastable liquid phases [J. Chem. Phys.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-15 David T. Limmer , David Chandler

A multi-scale framework was recently proposed for more realistic molecular dynamics simulations in continuum solvent models by coupling a molecular mechanics treatment of solute with a fluid mechanics treatment of solvent, where we…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 Li Xiao , Ray Luo

A new classical interaction potential for water simulations is presented. Water is modeled as a fully dissociable set of atoms with a point dipole, determined self-consistently, on every oxygen atom. The oxygen polarizability is not fixed…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Lussetti , G. Pastore , E. Smargiassi

Liquid water is fundamentally important, and its accurate computer simulation has been the driving force for myriad methodological developments. Ab initio molecular dynamics with forces obtained from density functional theory (DFT) is now a…

The surface or contact potential at the water liquid-vapor interface is discussed in relation to determinations of absolute ion hydration free energies and distributions of ions near the interface. It is shown that, rather than the surface…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-09-21 Thomas L. Beck

We investigate the presence of an acoustic-quasi-elastic interaction contribution in the IXS spectra of liquid water at 301K using inelastic x-ray scattering with sub-meV energy resolution at momentum transfers 0.77<=Q<=4.20 /nm. The…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-07-22 Daisuke Ishikawa , Alfred Q. R. Baron

We present a series of ab-initio calculations of spectroscopic properties of liquid water at ambient conditions. Our results show that all available theoretical and experimental evidence is consistent with the standard model of the liquid…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 David Prendergast , Giulia Galli

In this work we investigate the Fe$_3$O$_4$(001) surface/water interface by combining several theoretical approaches, ranging from a hybrid functional method (HSE06) to density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) to molecular mechanics (MM).…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-07 Hongsheng Liu , Enrico Bianchetti , Paulo Siani , Cristiana Di Valentin

Recent computational studies have reported evidence of a metastable liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) in molecular models of water under deeply supercooled conditions. A competing hypothesis suggests, however, that non-equilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-12-21 Jeremy C. Palmer , Rakesh S. Singh , Renjie Chen , Fausto Martelli , Pablo G. Debenedetti

The electric double layer is an important structure that appears at charged liquid interfaces, and it determines the performance of various electrochemical devices such as supercapacitors and electrokinetic energy converters. Here the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-08-15 Haruto Iwasaki , Yasuyuki Kimura , Yuki Uematsu

When dealing with shallow water simulations, the velocity profile is often assumed to be constant along the vertical axis. However, since in many applications this is not the case, modeling errors can be significant. Hence, in this work, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-15 C. Caballero-Cárdenas , I. Gómez-Bueno , A. del Grosso , J. Koellermeier , T. Morales de Luna

Reliable first-principles calculations of electrochemical processes require accurate prediction of the interfacial capacitance, a challenge for current computationally-efficient continuum solvation methodologies. We develop a model for the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-04-12 Ravishankar Sundararaman , Kendra Letchworth-Weaver , Kathleen Schwarz