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Optical materials with centrosymmetry, such as silicon and germanium, are unfortunately absent of second-order nonlinear optical responses, hindering their developments in efficient nonlinear optical devices. Here, a design with an array of…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-17 C. Fang , Q. Yang , Q. Yuan , L. Gu , X. Gan , Y. Shao , Y. Liu , G. Han , Y. Hao

Second harmonic generation is a powerful tool directly connected to the symmetry of materials. Phase transitions, lattice rotations or electromagnetic coupling in multiferroic compounds can be revealed by using second harmonic…

Optics · Physics 2010-01-11 Pablo Molina , Mariola O Ramirez , Basilio J. Garcia , Luisa E. Bausa

Second-order nonlinear optical materials enable frequency doubling of light (second-harmonic generation, SHG), which is essential for optoelectronic applications ranging from materials characterization to quantum technologies. However,…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-25 Aubrey G. J. Nyiri , Michael J. Waters , James M. Rondinelli

We have computed second and third nonlinear optical susceptibilities of two crystalline bulk tellurium oxide polymorphs: $\alpha$-TeO$_{2}$ (the most stable crystalline bulk phase) and $\gamma$-TeO$_{2}$ (the crystalline phase that…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-07-15 Nabil Berkaine , Emmanuelle Orhan , Olivier Masson , Philippe Thomas , Javier Junquera

The resonance effects on the optical second harmonic generation from 140 nm silver nanoparticles is studied experimentally by hyper-Rayleigh scattering and numerically by finite element method calculations. We find that the interferences…

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a non-linear optical process, where two photons coherently combine into one photon of twice their energy. Efficient SHG occurs for crystals with broken inversion symmetry, such as transition metal…

While all media can exhibit first-order conductivity describing current linearly proportional to electric field, $E$, the second-order conductivity, $\sigma^{(2)}$ , relating current to $E^2$, is nonzero only when inversion symmetry is…

Effects that are not captured by the generalized-gradient density-functional theory play a prominent effect on the structural binding, and on the electronic and optical properties of reduced-dimensional and weakly-bound materials. Here, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-07-16 Eesha Andharia , Thaneshwor P. Kaloni , Gregory J. Salamo , Shui-Qing Yu , Hugh O. H. Churchill , Salvador Barraza-Lopez

Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is used as a noninvasive probe of two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectricity in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of copolymer vinylidene fluoride with trifluorethylene. The surface 2D…

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit high nonlinear optical (NLO) susceptibilities. Experiments on MoS$_2$ have indeed revealed very large second-order ($\chi^{(2)}$) and third-order ($\chi^{(3)}$) optical…

Nonlinear optical frequency conversion, where optical fields interact with a nonlinear medium to generate new frequencies, is a key phenomenon in modern photonic systems. However, a major challenge with these techniques lies in the…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-05 Simone Grillo , Elena Cannuccia , Maurizia Palummo , Olivia Pulci , Claudio Attaccalite

Nonlinear optics of semiconductors is an important field of fundamental and applied research, but surprisingly the role of excitons in the coherent processes leading to harmonics generation has remained essentially unexplored. Here we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 M. Lafrentz , D. Brunne , A. V. Rodina , V. V. Pavlov , R. V. Pisarev , D. R. Yakovlev , A. Bakin , M. Bayer

Strong light-matter coupling within electromagnetic environments provides a promising path to modify and control chemical and physical processes. The origin of the enhancement of nonlinear optical processes such as second-harmonic and…

Optics · Physics 2022-03-03 Davis M. Welakuh , Prineha Narang

Semiconducting Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) have significant nonlinear optical effects. In this work we have used second-harmonic generation (SHG) and the four-wave mixing (FWM) spectroscopy in resonance with the excitons in…

We have investigated second harmonic generation (SHG) from Ag-coated LiNbO3 (LN) core-shell nanocuboids and found that giant SHG can occur via deliberately designed double plasmonic resonances. By controlling the aspect ratio, we can tune…

Optics · Physics 2014-11-19 Ming-Liang Ren , Si-Yuan Liu , Ben-Li Wang , Bao-Qin Chen , Jiafang Li , Zhi-Yuan Li

The controlled assembly of twisted 2D structures requires precise determination of the crystal orientation of their component layers. In the established procedure, the second-harmonic generation (SHG) intensity of a noncentrosymmetric layer…

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a well-known nonlinear spectroscopy method to probe electronic structure, specifically, in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers. This work investigates the nonlinear dynamics of a strongly…

Highly nonlinear optical phenomena can provide access to properties of electronic systems which are otherwise difficult to access through conventional linear optical spectroscopies. In particular, high harmonic generation (HHG) in…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-28 K. Uchida , V. Pareek , K. Nagai , K. M. Dani , K. Tanaka

Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical effect widely used for nonlinear optical microscopy and laser frequency conversion. Closed-form analytical solution of the nonlinear optical responses is essential for…

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a fundamental tool in modern laser technology, enabling coherent frequency conversion to remote optical bands, serving as the basis for self-referenced femtosecond lasers and quadrature-squeezed light…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-10 Nikolai Kuznetsov , Zihan Li , Tobias J. Kippenberg