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We prove large deviations principles for spectral measures of perturbed (or spiked) matrix models in the direction of an eigenvector of the perturbation. In each model under study, we provide two approaches, one of which relying on large…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-24 Nathan Noiry , Alain Rouault

We consider the Gaussian beta-ensemble when $\beta$ scales with $n$ the number of particles such that $\displaystyle{{n}^{-1}\ll \beta\ll 1}$. Under a certain regime for $\beta$, we show that the largest particle satisfies a large…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-16 Cambyse Pakzad

In this article, the joint fluctuations of the extreme eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a large dimensional sample covariance matrix are analyzed when the associated population covariance matrix is a finite-rank perturbation of the identity…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-20 Romain Couillet , Walid Hachem

A Wishart matrix is said to be spiked when the underlying covariance matrix has a single eigenvalue $b$ different from unity. As $b$ increases through $b=2$, a gap forms from the largest eigenvalue to the rest of the spectrum, and with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-07-01 Peter J. Forrester

Consider a deterministic self-adjoint matrix X_n with spectral measure converging to a compactly supported probability measure, the largest and smallest eigenvalues converging to the edges of the limiting measure. We perturb this matrix by…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-05 Florent Benaych-Georges , Alice Guionnet , Mylène Maïda

The goal of this article is to study how much the eigenvalues of large Hermitian random matrices deviate from certain deterministic locations -- or in other words, to investigate optimal rigidity estimates for the eigenvalues. We do this in…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-05 Tom Claeys , Benjamin Fahs , Gaultier Lambert , Christian Webb

We present a simple Coulomb gas method to calculate analytically the probability of rare events where the maximum eigenvalue of a random matrix is much larger than its typical value. The large deviation function that characterizes this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-02-27 Satya N. Majumdar , Massimo Vergassola

The top eigenvalues of rank $r$ spiked real Wishart matrices and additively perturbed Gaussian orthogonal ensembles are known to exhibit a phase transition in the large size limit. We show that they have limiting distributions for…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-28 Alex Bloemendal , Bálint Virág

A number of random matrix ensembles permitting exact determination of their eigenvalue and eigenvector statistics maintain this property under a rank $1$ perturbation. Considered in this review are the additive rank $1$ perturbation of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-01-24 Peter J. Forrester

We prove a large deviation principle for the largest eigenvalue of Wigner matrices without Gaussian tails, namely such that the distribution tails $\mathbb{P}( |X_{1,1}|>t)$ and $\mathbb{P}(|X_{1,2}|>t)$ behave like $e^{-bt^{\alpha}}$ and…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-10-11 Fanny Augeri

Consider a real diagonal deterministic matrix $X_n$ of size $n$ with spectral measure converging to a compactly supported probability measure. We perturb this matrix by adding a random finite rank matrix, with delocalized eigenvectors. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-21 Florent Benaych-Georges , Alice Guionnet , Mylène Maïda

We establish a large deviation principle for the smallest eigenvalue of a random matrix model composed of the sum of a GOE matrix and a diagonal matrix with an outlier. Our result generalizes and unifies previously studied cases.

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Jeanne Boursier , Alice Guionnet

We study the fluctuations of eigenvalues from a class of Wigner random matrices that generalize the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble. We begin by considering an $n \times n$ matrix from the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) or Gaussian…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-03-03 Sean O'Rourke

We investigate an additive perturbation of a complex Wishart random matrix and prove that a large deviation principle holds for the spectral measures. The rate function is associated to a vector equilibrium problem coming from logarithmic…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-03-14 Adrien Hardy , Arno B. J. Kuijlaars

Euclidean random matrices arise in a wide range of physical systems where interactions are determined by spatial configurations, including disordered media and cooperative phenomena in atomic ensembles. Unlike classical random matrix…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-08 Pasquale Casaburi , Pierpaolo Vivo

In this paper, we consider the addition of two matrices in generic position, namely A + U BU * , where U is drawn under the Haar measure on the unitary or the orthogonal group. We show that, under mild conditions on the empirical spectral…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-11-27 Alice Guionnet , Mylène Maïda

We consider large complex random sample covariance matrices obtained from "spiked populations", that is when the true covariance matrix is diagonal with all but finitely many eigenvalues equal to one. We investigate the limiting behavior of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Delphine Féral , Sandrine Péché

We present large deviations principles for the moments of the empirical spectral measure of Wigner matrices and empirical measure of $\beta$-ensembles in three cases : the case of Wigner matrices without Gaussian tails, that is Wigner…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-05-13 Fanny Augeri

We prove a large deviations principle for the largest eigenvalue of a class of biorthogonal and multiple orthogonal polynomial ensembles that includes a matrix model of Lueck, Sommers and Zirnbauer for disordered bosons and Angelesco…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-04 Katrin Credner , Peter Eichelsbacher

The eigenvalue densities of two random matrix ensembles, the Wigner Gaussian matrices and the Wishart covariant matrices, are decomposed in the contributions of each individual eigenvalue distribution. It is shown that the fluctuations of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-08-16 O. Bohigas , M. P. Pato