Related papers: Verification and Validation of Semantic Annotation…
Many complex discourse-level tasks can aid domain experts in their work but require costly expert annotations for data creation. To speed up and ease annotations, we investigate the viability of automatically generated annotation…
In functional programming languages, the classic form of annotation is a single type constraint on a term. Intersection types add complications: a single term may have to be checked several times against different types, in different…
Recent verification tools aim to make formal verification more accessible to software engineers by automating most of the verification process. However, annotating conventional programs with the formal specification and verification…
Data validation is becoming more and more important with the ever-growing amount of data being consumed and transmitted by systems over the Internet. It is important to ensure that the data being sent is valid as it may contain entry…
We describe several views of the semantics of a simple programming language as formal documents in the calculus of inductive constructions that can be verified by the Coq proof system. Covered aspects are natural semantics, denotational…
In essence, embedding algorithms work by optimizing the distance between a word and its usual context in order to generate an embedding space that encodes the distributional representation of words. In addition to single words or word…
There are several issues with the existing general machine translation or natural language generation evaluation metrics, and question-answering (QA) systems are indifferent in that context. To build robust QA systems, we need the ability…
We present TAO, a software testing tool performing automated test and oracle generation based on a semantic approach. TAO entangles grammar-based test generation with automated semantics evaluation using a denotational semantics framework.…
Business contracts, particularly sale and purchase agreements, often contain a large number of clauses and are correspondingly long and complex. In practice, it is therefore a great challenge to keep track of their legal context and to…
Annotations in Visual Analytics (VA) have become a common means to support the analysis by integrating additional information into the VA system. That additional information often depends on the current process step in the visual analysis.…
Checking and confirming factual information in texts and speeches is vital to determine the veracity and correctness of the factual statements. This work was previously done by journalists and other manual means but it is a time-consuming…
Through a particular choice of a predicate (e.g., "x violated y"), a writer can subtly connote a range of implied sentiments and presupposed facts about the entities x and y: (1) writer's perspective: projecting x as an "antagonist"and y as…
Automated fact-checking based on machine learning is a promising approach to identify false information distributed on the web. In order to achieve satisfactory performance, machine learning methods require a large corpus with reliable…
Neural network verification tools currently support only a narrow class of specifications, typically expressed as low-level constraints over raw inputs and outputs. This limitation significantly hinders their adoption and practical…
Ontology-based data integration has been one of the practical methodologies for heterogeneous legacy database integrated service construction. However, it is neither efficient nor economical to build the cross-domain ontology on top of the…
Although WordNet is a valuable resource because of its structured semantic networks and extensive vocabulary, its fine-grained sense distinctions can be challenging for second-language learners. To address this issue, we developed a version…
Dung's abstract argumentation theory is a widely used formalism to model conflicting information and to draw conclusions in such situations. Hereby, the knowledge is represented by so-called argumentation frameworks (AFs) and the reasoning…
As Digital Libraries (DL) become more aligned with the web architecture, their functional components need to be fundamentally rethought in terms of URIs and HTTP. Annotation, a core scholarly activity enabled by many DL solutions, exhibits…
JSON is a popular data format used pervasively in web APIs, cloud computing, NoSQL databases, and increasingly also machine learning. JSON Schema is a language for declaring the structure of valid JSON data. There are validators that can…
This work addresses the challenge of factual consistency in text generation systems. We unify the tasks of Natural Language Inference, Summarization Evaluation, Factuality Verification and Factual Consistency Evaluation to train models…