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Related papers: Post-Selection and Counterfactual Communication

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We propose a novel training regime termed counterfactual training that leverages counterfactual explanations to increase the explanatory capacity of models. Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a popular post-hoc explanation method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Patrick Altmeyer , Aleksander Buszydlik , Arie van Deursen , Cynthia C. S. Liem

In this article we show for the first time that quantum coin flipping with security guarantees that are strictly better than any classical protocol is possible to implement with current technology. Our protocol takes into account all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-11 Anna Pappa , André Chailloux , Eleni Diamanti , Iordanis Kerenidis

Quantum self-interference enables the counterfactual transmission of information, whereby the transmitted bits involve no particles traveling through the channel. In this work, we show how counterfactuality can be realized even when the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Vinod N. Rao , Anindita Banerjee , R. Srikanth

In coding schemes for the wire-tap channel or the broadcast channels with confidential messages, it is well known that the sender needs to use a stochastic encoding to avoid the information about the transmitted confidential message to be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-01 Shun Watanabe , Yasutada Oohama

We propose a passively self-error-rejecting single-qubit transmission scheme for an arbitrary polarization state of a single qubit over a collective-noise channel, without resorting to additional qubits and entanglement. By splitting a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-27 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Hong-Yu Zhou

Post-quantum cryptography studies the security of classical, i.e. non-quantum cryptographic protocols against quantum attacks. Until recently, the considered adversaries were assumed to use quantum computers and behave like classical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Maria Velema

A strong converse theorem for channel capacity establishes that the error probability in any communication scheme for a given channel necessarily tends to one if the rate of communication exceeds the channel's capacity. Establishing such a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-15 Mark M. Wilde , Andreas Winter

The presence of an absorber in one of the paths of an interferometer changes the output statistics of that interferometer in a fundamental manner. Since the individual quantum particles detected at any of the outputs of the interferometer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Jonte R. Hance , Tomonori Matsushita , Holger F. Hofmann

We analyzed the security of the secure direct communication protocol based on secret transmitting order of particles recently proposed by Zhu, Xia, Fan, and Zhang [Phys. Rev. A 73, 022338 (2006)], and found that this scheme is insecure if…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xi-Han Li , Fu-Guo Deng , Hong-Yu Zhou

It is a widely believed, though unproven, conjecture that the capability of postselection increases the language recognition power of both probabilistic and quantum polynomial-time computers. It is also unknown whether polynomial-time…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-04-11 Abuzer Yakaryilmaz , A. C. Cem Say

Steganography is the science of hiding and communicating a secret message by embedding it in an innocent looking text such that the eavesdropper is unaware of its existence. Previously, attempts were made to establish steganography using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Rohan Joshi , Akhil Gupta , Kishore Thapliyal , R Srikanth , Anirban Pathak

The advantages of post-quantum cryptography over classical cryptography are covered in this survey. We address several post-quantum cryptography techniques. We conclude that the deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic systems is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Abhinav Awasthi , Atul Chaturvedi

The strong capacity of a particular channel can be interpreted as a sharp limit on the amount of information which can be transmitted reliably over that channel. To evaluate the strong capacity of a particular channel one must prove both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-20 Tony Dorlas , Ciara Morgan

Post-selection strategies have been proposed with the aim of amplifying weak signals, which may help to overcome detection thresholds associated with technical noise in high-precision measurements. Here we use an optical setup to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-11 G. Bié Alves , A. Pimentel , M. Hor-Meyll , S. P. Walborn , L. Davidovich , R. L. de Matos Filho

We present a protocol for sending a message over a quantum channel with different layers of security that will prevent an eavesdropper from deciphering the message without being detected. The protocol has two versions where the bits are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Tarek A. Elsayed

Traditional cryptography is under huge threat along of the evolution of quantum information and computing. In this paper, we propose a new post-quantum voting scheme based on physical laws by using encrypted no-key protocol to transmit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Hua Dong , Li Yang

We propose an experimental realisation of the protocol for the counterfactual disembodied transport of an unknown qubit -- or what we call counterportation -- where sender and receiver, remarkably, exchange no particles. We employ cavity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 Hatim Salih

We present an experimental realization of a robust quantum communication scheme [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 220501 (2004)] using pairs of photons entangled in polarization and time. Our method overcomes errors due to collective rotation of the…

The application and analysis of the Cut-and-Choose technique in protocols secure against quantum adversaries is not a straightforward transposition of the classical case, among other reasons due to the difficulty to use rewinding in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-14 Elham Kashefi , Luka Music , Petros Wallden

Counterfactual explanations are widely used to communicate how inputs must change for a model to alter its prediction. For a single instance, many valid counterfactuals can exist, which leaves open the possibility for an explanation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 James Hinns , Sofie Goethals , Stephan Van der Veeken , Theodoros Evgeniou , David Martens