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Topological insulators (TIs) are novel materials that manifest spin-polarized Dirac states on their surfaces or at interfaces made with conventional matter. We have measured the electron kinetics of bulk doped TI Bi$_2$Se$_3$ with angle…
Photonic topological states have revolutionized our understanding on the propagation and scattering of light. Recent discovery of higher-order photonic topological insulators opens an emergent horizon for zero-dimensional topological corner…
Topological photonics is a rapidly emerging field of research in which geometrical and topological ideas are exploited to design and control the behavior of light. Drawing inspiration from the discovery of the quantum Hall effects and…
Topological photonics has emerged as a novel paradigm for the design of electromagnetic systems from microwaves to nanophotonics. Studies to date have largely focused on the demonstration of fundamental concepts, such as non-reciprocity and…
The concept of topological insulator (TI) has introduced a new point of view to condensed-matter physics, relating a priori unrelated subfields such as quantum (spin, anomalous) Hall effects, spin-orbit coupled materials, some classes of…
In the development of topological photonics, achieving three dimensional topological insulators is of significant interest since it enables the exploration of new topological physics with photons, and promises novel photonic devices that…
The great potential of Dirac electrons for plasmonics and photonics has been readily recognized after their discovery in graphene, followed by applications to smart optical devices. Dirac carriers are also found in topological insulators…
Topological insulators are electronic materials that have a bulk band gap like an ordinary insulator, but have protected conducting states on their edge or surface. The 2D topological insulator is a quantum spin Hall insulator, which is a…
The discovery of topological insulator phase has ignited massive research interests in novel quantum materials. Topological insulators with superconductivity further invigorate the importance of materials providing the platform to study the…
Topological insulators (TIs) represent a novel quantum state of matter, characterized by edge or surface-states, showing up on the topological character of the bulk wave functions. Allowing electrons to move along their surface, but not…
The protected surface conduction of topological insulators is in high demand for the next generation of electronic devices. What is needed to move forward are robust settings where topological surface currents can be controlled by simple…
Topological insulators are characterized by insulating bulk and conducting surface, the latter is a necessity consequence of the nontrivial topology of the wavefunctions forming the valence band. This chapter gives a historical overview of…
Plasmonic metasurfaces enable simultaneous control of the phase, momentum, amplitude and polarisation of light and hence promise great utility in realisation of compact photonic devices. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel chip-scale…
Topological insulators are candidates to open up a novel route in spin based electronics. Different to traditional ferromagnetic materials, where the carrier spin-polarization and magnetization are based on the exchange interaction, the…
Unlike conventional optics, plasmonics enables unrivalled concentration of optical energy well beyond the diffraction limit of light. However, a significant part of this energy is dissipated as heat. Plasmonic losses present a major hurdle…
Plasmonics is an interdisciplinary field focusing on the unique properties of both localized and propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) - quasiparticles in which photons are coupled to the quasi-free electrons of metals. In…
Plasmonics can be used to improve absorption in optoelectronic devices and has been intensively studied for solar cells and photodetectors. Graphene has recently emerged as a powerful plasmonic material. It shows significantly less losses…
The discovery of topological insulators has rapidly been followed by the advent of their photonic analogues, motivated by the prospect of backscattering-immune light propagation. So far, however, implementations have mainly relied on…
Topological phononic insulators are the counterpart of three-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulators in phononic systems and, as such, their topological surfaces are characterized by Dirac cone-shaped gapless edge states arising as a…
Topological insulators constitute a new and fascinating class of matter with insulating bulk yet metallic surfaces that host highly mobile charge carriers with spin-momentum locking. Remarkably, the direction and magnitude of surface…