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The clear transparency of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is hampered by complex internal structures and nonlinear transformations along deep hierarchies. In this paper, we propose a new attribution method, Relative Sectional Propagation (RSP),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Woo-Jeoung Nam , Jaesik Choi , Seong-Whan Lee

Explaining graph neural networks (GNNs) has become more and more important recently. Higher-order interpretation schemes, such as GNN-LRP (layer-wise relevance propagation for GNN), emerged as powerful tools for unraveling how different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ping Xiong , Thomas Schnake , Grégoire Montavon , Klaus-Robert Müller , Shinichi Nakajima

Interpreting complex neural networks is crucial for understanding their decision-making processes, particularly in applications where transparency and accountability are essential. This proposed method addresses this need by focusing on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Deepshikha Bhati , Fnu Neha , Md Amiruzzaman , Angela Guercio , Deepak Kumar Shukla , Ben Ward

Recent advancement in deep-neural network performance led to the development of new state-of-the-art approaches in numerous areas. However, the black-box nature of neural networks often prohibits their use in areas where model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Davor Vukadin , Petar Afrić , Marin Šilić , Goran Delač

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can produce erroneous predictions by injecting imperceptible perturbations. In this work, we study the transferability of adversarial examples,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Zeyu Qin , Yanbo Fan , Yi Liu , Li Shen , Yong Zhang , Jue Wang , Baoyuan Wu

Numerous explanation methods have been recently developed to interpret the decisions made by deep neural network (DNN) models. For image classifiers, these methods typically provide an attribution score to each pixel in the image to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Ruo Yang , Binghui Wang , Mustafa Bilgic

RNN models have achieved the state-of-the-art performance in a wide range of text mining tasks. However, these models are often regarded as black-boxes and are criticized due to the lack of interpretability. In this paper, we enhance the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Shuiwang Ji , Xia Hu

Deep neural networks have led to state-of-the-art results in many medical imaging tasks including Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. However, the network decisions are often…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-28 Moritz Böhle , Fabian Eitel , Martin Weygandt , Kerstin Ritter

Explainability is a key component in many applications involving deep neural networks (DNNs). However, current explanation methods for DNNs commonly leave it to the human observer to distinguish relevant explanations from spurious noise.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Paulo Yanez Sarmiento , Simon Witzke , Nadja Klein , Bernhard Y. Renard

Deep neural networks (DNNs) demonstrate outstanding performance across most computer vision tasks. Some critical applications, such as autonomous driving or medical imaging, also require investigation into their behavior and the reasons…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Edouard Yvinec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly , Xavier Fischer

Even though deep neural networks (DNNs) achieve state-of-the-art results for a number of problems involving genomic data, getting DNNs to explain their decision-making process has been a major challenge due to their black-box nature. One…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2022-12-14 Utku Ozbulak , Solha Kang , Jasper Zuallaert , Stephen Depuydt , Joris Vankerschaver

Layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) is a recently proposed technique for explaining predictions of complex non-linear classifiers in terms of input variables. In this paper, we apply LRP for the first time to natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-24 Leila Arras , Franziska Horn , Grégoire Montavon , Klaus-Robert Müller , Wojciech Samek

While the success of deep neural networks (DNNs) is well-established across a variety of domains, our ability to explain and interpret these methods is limited. Unlike previously proposed local methods which try to explain particular…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-04-29 Jonathan Ish-Horowicz , Dana Udwin , Seth Flaxman , Sarah Filippi , Lorin Crawford

Layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) is a widely used and powerful technique to reveal insights into various artificial neural network (ANN) architectures. LRP is often used in the context of image classification. The aim is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Marco Landt-Hayen , Willi Rath , Martin Claus , Peer Kröger

Recently, a technique called Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) was shown to deliver insightful explanations in the form of input space relevances for understanding feed-forward neural network classification decisions. In the present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Leila Arras , Grégoire Montavon , Klaus-Robert Müller , Wojciech Samek

Attributed network representation learning aims at learning node embeddings by integrating network structure and attribute information. It is a challenge to fully capture the microscopic structure and the attribute semantics simultaneously,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Cong Li , Min Shi , Bo Qu , Xiang Li

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated impressive performance in complex machine learning tasks such as image classification or speech recognition. However, due to their multi-layer nonlinear structure, they are not transparent,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-22 Wojciech Samek , Alexander Binder , Grégoire Montavon , Sebastian Bach , Klaus-Robert Müller

There are increasing demands for understanding deep neural networks' (DNNs) behavior spurred by growing security and/or transparency concerns. Due to multi-layer nonlinearity of the deep neural network architectures, explaining DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Xin Li , Deng Pan , Chengyin Li , Yao Qiang , Dongxiao Zhu

Image super-resolution (SR) techniques have been developing rapidly, benefiting from the invention of deep networks and its successive breakthroughs. However, it is acknowledged that deep learning and deep neural networks are difficult to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Jinjin Gu , Chao Dong

Attribution explanation is a typical approach for explaining deep neural networks (DNNs), inferring an importance or contribution score for each input variable to the final output. In recent years, numerous attribution methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Huiqi Deng , Hongbin Pei , Quanshi Zhang , Mengnan Du
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