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We propose a nested recurrent neural network (nested RNN) model for English spelling error correction and generate pseudo data based on phonetic similarity to train it. The model fuses orthographic information and context as a whole and is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Hao Li , Yang Wang , Xinyu Liu , Zhichao Sheng , Si Wei

Feedforward neural networks with random hidden nodes suffer from a problem with the generation of random weights and biases as these are difficult to set optimally to obtain a good projection space. Typically, random parameters are drawn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Grzegorz Dudek

When data is generated by multiple sources, conventional training methods update models assuming equal reliability for each source and do not consider their individual data quality. However, in many applications, sources have varied levels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Alexander Capstick , Francesca Palermo , Tianyu Cui , Payam Barnaghi

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) OFDM radar equipped with rainbow beamforming, enabled by phase-time arrays (PTAs), provides wide-angle coverage and is well-suited for fast real-time target detection and tracking. However, accurate detection of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Qiushi Liang , Yeyue Cai , Jianhua Mo , Meixia Tao

The post-training pipeline for diffusion models currently has two stages: supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on curated data and reinforcement learning (RL) with reward models. A fundamental gap separates them. SFT optimizes the denoiser only on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 You Qin , Linqing Wang , Hao Fei , Roger Zimmermann , Liefeng Bo , Qinglin Lu , Chunyu Wang

Adapting models pre-trained on large-scale datasets is a proven way to reach strong performance quickly for down-stream tasks. However, the growth of state-of-the-art mod-els makes traditional full fine-tuning unsuitable and difficult,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Maxime Fontana , Michael Spratling , Miaojing Shi

Feed-forward neural networks (FNNs) work as standard building blocks in applying artificial intelligence (AI) to the physical world. They allow learning the dynamics of unknown physical systems (e.g., biological and chemical) {to predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Yu Wang , Qitong Gao , Miroslav Pajic

Pseudo-label (PL) filtering forms a crucial part of Self-Training (ST) methods for unsupervised domain adaptation. Dropout-based Uncertainty-driven Self-Training (DUST) proceeds by first training a teacher model on source domain labeled…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-16 Nauman Dawalatabad , Sameer Khurana , Antoine Laurent , James Glass

Consistency models have recently been introduced to accelerate sampling from diffusion models by directly predicting the solution (i.e., data) of the probability flow ODE (PF ODE) from initial noise. However, the training of consistency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Sangyun Lee , Yilun Xu , Tomas Geffner , Giulia Fanti , Karsten Kreis , Arash Vahdat , Weili Nie

With a constant improvement in the network architectures and training methodologies, Neural Networks (NNs) are increasingly being deployed in real-world Machine Learning systems. However, despite their impressive performance on "known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-18 Mahum Naseer , Mishal Fatima Minhas , Faiq Khalid , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Osman Hasan , Muhammad Shafique

The deep neural network (DNN) has been proven effective in various domains. However, they often struggle to perform well on certain minority groups during inference, despite showing strong performance on the majority of data groups. This is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Jiaxu Zhao , Lu Yin , Shiwei Liu , Meng Fang , Mykola Pechenizkiy

A sound event detection (SED) method typically takes as an input a sequence of audio frames and predicts the activities of sound events in each frame. In real-life recordings, the sound events exhibit some temporal structure: for instance,…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Konstantinos Drossos , Shayan Gharib , Paul Magron , Tuomas Virtanen

A high-precision numerical sound field is the basis of underwater target detection, positioning and communication. A line source in a plane is a common type of sound source in computational ocean acoustics. The exciting waveguide in a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Houwang Tu , Yongxian Wang , Chunmei Yang , Xiaodong Wang , Shuqing Ma , Wenbin Xiao , Wei Liu

The process of training feedforward neural networks (FFNNs) can benefit from an automated process where the best heuristic to train the network is sought out automatically by means of a high-level probabilistic-based heuristic. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Arné Schreuder , Anna Bosman , Andries Engelbrecht , Christopher Cleghorn

While there has been much recent progress using deep learning techniques to separate speech and music audio signals, these systems typically require large collections of isolated sources during the training process. When extending audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Fatemeh Pishdadian , Gordon Wichern , Jonathan Le Roux

Recent works have introduced methods to estimate segmentation performance without ground truth, relying solely on neural network softmax outputs. These techniques hold potential for intuitive output quality control. However, such…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-30 Anna M. Wundram , Paul Fischer , Michael Muehlebach , Lisa M. Koch , Christian F. Baumgartner

Feedforward neural networks are widely used as universal predictive models to fit data distribution. Common gradient-based learning, however, suffers from many drawbacks making the training process ineffective and time-consuming.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Grzegorz Dudek

Music source separation represents the task of extracting all the instruments from a given song. Recent breakthroughs on this challenge have gravitated around a single dataset, MUSDB, only limited to four instrument classes. Larger datasets…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Alexandru Mocanu , Benjamin Ricaud , Milos Cernak

Over the past few decades, extensive research has been devoted to the design of artificial reverberation algorithms aimed at emulating the room acoustics of physical environments. Despite significant advancements, automatic parameter tuning…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-10 Alessandro Ilic Mezza , Riccardo Giampiccolo , Enzo De Sena , Alberto Bernardini

To tackle sound event detection (SED), we propose frequency dependent networks (FreDNets), which heavily leverage frequency-dependent methods. We apply frequency warping and FilterAugment, which are frequency-dependent data augmentation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Hyeonuk Nam , Deokki Min , Seungdeok Choi , Inhan Choi , Yong-Hwa Park