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Automation of tasks can have critical consequences when humans lose agency over decision processes. Deep learning models are particularly susceptible since current black-box approaches lack explainable reasoning. We argue that both the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Sebastian Gehrmann , Hendrik Strobelt , Robert Krüger , Hanspeter Pfister , Alexander M. Rush

As the complexity of machine learning (ML) models increases, resulting in a lack of prediction explainability, several methods have been developed to explain a model's behavior in terms of the training data points that most influence the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Umang Bhatt , Isabel Chien , Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Adrian Weller

Modern data analytics underpinned by machine learning techniques has become a key enabler to the automation of data-led decision making. As an important branch of state-of-the-art data analytics, business process predictions are also faced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Chun Ouyang , Renuka Sindhgatta , Catarina Moreira

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has gained importance in interpreting model predictions. Among leading techniques for XAI, Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) is most frequently utilized as it notably helps…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Jeongmin Rhee , Changhee Lee , DongHwa Shin , Bohyoung Kim

Many visualization techniques have been created to explain the behavior of computer vision models, but they largely consist of static diagrams that convey limited information. Interactive visualizations allow users to more easily interpret…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Devon Ulrich , Ruth Fong

Variable importance, interaction measures, and partial dependence plots are important summaries in the interpretation of statistical and machine learning models. In this paper we describe new visualization techniques for exploring these…

Computation · Statistics 2021-10-12 Alan Inglis , Andrew Parnell , Catherine Hurley

With the availability of large databases and recent improvements in deep learning methodology, the performance of AI systems is reaching or even exceeding the human level on an increasing number of complex tasks. Impressive examples of this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Wojciech Samek , Thomas Wiegand , Klaus-Robert Müller

Natural experiments are observational studies where the assignment of treatment conditions to different populations occurs by chance "in the wild". Researchers from fields such as economics, healthcare, and the social sciences leverage…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Grace Guo , Maria Glenski , ZhuanYi Shaw , Emily Saldanha , Alex Endert , Svitlana Volkova , Dustin Arendt

The continued improvements in the predictive accuracy of machine learning models have allowed for their widespread practical application. Yet, many decisions made with seemingly accurate models still require verification by domain experts.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Oscar Gomez , Steffen Holter , Jun Yuan , Enrico Bertini

With the increasing adoption of predictive models trained using machine learning across a wide range of high-stakes applications, e.g., health care, security, criminal justice, finance, and education, there is a growing need for effective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Aria Khademi , Vasant Honavar

The rapid adoption of complex Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) models has led to their characterization as black boxes due to the difficulty of explaining their internal decision-making processes. This lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Silvia Ruiz-España , Laura Arnal , François Signol , Juan-Carlos Perez-Cortes , Joaquim Arlandis

The rapid evolution of machine learning (ML) has led to the widespread adoption of complex "black box" models, such as deep neural networks and ensemble methods. These models exhibit exceptional predictive performance, making them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Moncef Garouani , Josiane Mothe , Ayah Barhrhouj , Julien Aligon

Rapid improvements in the performance of machine learning models have pushed them to the forefront of data-driven decision-making. Meanwhile, the increased integration of these models into various application domains has further highlighted…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Oscar Gomez , Steffen Holter , Jun Yuan , Enrico Bertini

In this work we propose a blackbox intervention method for visual dialog models, with the aim of assessing the contribution of individual linguistic or visual components. Concretely, we conduct structured or randomized interventions that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Mircea Mironenco , Dana Kianfar , Ke Tran , Evangelos Kanoulas , Efstratios Gavves

Despite outstanding contribution to the significant progress of Artificial Intelligence (AI), deep learning models remain mostly black boxes, which are extremely weak in explainability of the reasoning process and prediction results.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Sheng Shi , Xinfeng Zhang , Wei Fan

Visualization and topic modeling are widely used approaches for text analysis. Traditional visualization methods find low-dimensional representations of documents in the visualization space (typically 2D or 3D) that can be displayed using a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Dang Pham , Tuan M. V. Le

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an emerging new domain in which a set of processes and tools allow humans to better comprehend the decisions generated by black box models. However, most of the available XAI tools are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Zoumpolia Dikopoulou , Serafeim Moustakidis , Patrik Karlsson

In many scientific research fields, understanding and visualizing a black-box function in terms of the effects of all the input variables is of great importance. Existing visualization tools do not allow one to visualize the effects of all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Shengtong Zhang , Daniel W. Apley

As machine learning algorithms are deployed ubiquitously to a variety of domains, it is imperative to make these often black-box models transparent. Several recent works explain black-box models by capturing the most influential features…

Recommendation is a prevalent application of machine learning that affects many users; therefore, it is important for recommender models to be accurate and interpretable. In this work, we propose a method to both interpret and augment the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-22 Michael Tsang , Dehua Cheng , Hanpeng Liu , Xue Feng , Eric Zhou , Yan Liu