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The increasing demand for scalable blockchain has driven research into parallel execution models for smart contracts. Crystality is a novel smart contract programming language designed for parallel Ethereum Virtual Machines (EVMs), enabling…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Ziyun Xu , Hao Wang , Meng Sun

With the escalating prevalence of malicious activities exploiting vulnerabilities in blockchain systems, there is an urgent requirement for robust attack detection mechanisms. To address this challenge, this paper presents a novel…

Transactions involving multiple blockchains are implemented by cross-chain protocols. These protocols are based on smart contracts, programs that run on blockchains, executed by a network of computers. Because smart contracts can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Ritam Ganguly , Yingjie Xue , Aaron Jonckheere , Parker Ljung , Benjamin Schornstein , Borzoo Bonakdarpour , Maurice Herlihy

This work unifies insights from the systems and functional programming communities, in order to enable compositional reasoning about software which is nonetheless efficiently realizable in hardware. It exploits a correspondence between…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Thomas Dickerson

Ethereum smart contracts operate in a concurrent environment where multiple transactions can be submitted simultaneously. However, the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) enforces sequential execution of transactions within each block to prevent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Atefeh Zareh Chahoki , Marco Roveri

Blockchain technology provides a tamper-proof mechanism to execute inter-organizational business processes involving mutually untrusted parties. Existing approaches to blockchain-based process execution are based on code generation. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Orlenys López-Pintado , Marlon Dumas , Luciano García-Bañuelos , Ingo Weber

To utilize the multi-core processors properly concurrent programming is needed. Concurrency control is the main challenge while designing a correct and efficient concurrent program. Software Transactional Memory Systems (STMs) provides ease…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Chirag Juyal , Sandeep Kulkarni , Sweta Kumari , Sathya Peri , Archit Somani

Despite the success in various scenarios, blockchain systems, especially EVM-compatible ones that serially execute transactions, still face the significant challenge of limited throughput. Concurrent transaction execution is a promising…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Haoran Lin , Yajin Zhou , Lei Wu

Blockchain-driven technologies are considered disruptive because of the availability of dis-intermediated, censorship-resistant and tamper-proof digital platforms of distributed trust. Among these technologies, smart contract platforms have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Alexandra Covaci , Simone Madeo , Patrick Motylinski , Stéphane Vincent

Composing together the individual atomic methods of concurrent data-structures (cds) pose multiple design and consistency challenges. In this context composition provided by transactions in software transaction memory (STM) can be handy.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Sathya Peri , Ajay Singh , Archit Somani

Smart contracts written in Solidity are programs used in blockchain networks, such as Etherium, for performing transactions. However, as with any piece of software, they are prone to errors and may present vulnerabilities, which malicious…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Kunjian Song , Nedas Matulevicius , Eddie B. de Lima Filho , Lucas C. Cordeiro

In this paper, we explore remarkable similarities between multi-transactional behaviors of smart contracts in cryptocurrencies such as Ethereum and classical problems of shared-memory concurrency. We examine two real-world examples from the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Ilya Sergey , Aquinas Hobor

Smart contracts are crucial elements of decentralized technologies, but they face significant obstacles to trustworthiness due to security bugs and trapdoors. To address the core issue, we propose a technology that enables programmers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Nikolaj Bjørner , Shuo Chen , Yang Chen , Zhongxin Guo , Peng Liu , Nanqing Luo

Blockchain systems and smart contracts provide ways to securely implement multi-party transactions without the use of trusted intermediaries, which currently underpin many commercial transactions. However, they do so by transferring trust…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Ron van der Meyden

Traditional public blockchain systems typically had very limited transaction throughput because of the bottleneck of the consensus protocol itself. With recent advances in consensus technology, the performance limit has been greatly lifted,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-11 Péter Garamvölgyi , Yuxi Liu , Dong Zhou , Fan Long , Ming Wu

To alleviate difficulties in writing smart contracts for distributed blockchain applications, as other research, we propose transformation of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) models into blockchain smart contracts. Unlike other…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Christian Gang Liu

Symbolic analysis of security exploits in smart contracts has demonstrated to be valuable for analyzing predefined vulnerability properties. While some symbolic tools perform complex analysis steps, they require a predetermined invocation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Wesley Joon-Wie Tann , Xing Jie Han , Sourav Sen Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

UTXO-based smart contract platforms face an efficiency bottleneck, in that any transaction sent to a contract must specify the entire updated contract state. This requirement becomes particularly burdensome when the contract state contains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Massimo Bartoletti , Riccardo Marchesin , Roberto Zunino

The Software Transactional Memory (STM) model is an original approach for controlling concurrent accesses to ressources without the need for explicit lock-based synchronization mechanisms. A key feature of STM is to provide a way to group…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Lucia Acciai , Michele Boreale , Silvano Dal Zilio

Modern blockchain systems support creation of smart contracts -- stateful programs hosted and executed on a blockchain. Smart contracts hold and transfer significant amounts of digital currency which makes them an attractive target for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Dmitrii Suvorov , Vladimir Ulyantsev