Related papers: Anticipating the Sun's heavy-element abundance
Neutrinos are produced in several neutrino nuclear reactions of the proton-proton chain and carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle that take place at different radius of the Sun's core. Hence, measurements of solar neutrino fluxes provide a precise…
We describe the current status of solar neutrino measurements and of the theory -- both neutrino physics and solar astrophysics -- employed in interpreting measurements. Important recent developments include Super-Kamiokande's determination…
Assuming neutrino oscillations occur, the pp electron neutrino flux is uncertain by at least a factor of two, the ${\rm ^8B}$ flux by a factor of five, and the ${\rm ^7Be}$ flux by a factor of forty-five. Calculations of the expected…
Over the past five decades, solar neutrino research has been pivotal in driving significant scientific advancements, enriching our comprehension of both neutrino characteristics and solar processes. Despite numerous experiments dedicated to…
Heavy element and helium diffusion are both included for the first time in this series of papers on precise solar models, along with improvements in the input data for nuclear reaction rates, the solar luminosity, the solar age, heavy…
The Sun is a powerful neutrino source that can be used to study the physical properties of neutrinos and, at the same time, neutrinos are a unique tool to probe the interior of the Sun. For these reasons, solar neutrino physics is both…
Properties of the Sun's interior can be determined accurately from helioseismological measurements of solar oscillations. These measurements, however, are in conflict with photospheric elemental abundances derived using 3-D hydrodynamic…
Primary inversions of accurately measured solar oscillation frequencies coupled with the equations of thermal equilibrium and other input physics, enable us to infer the temperature and hydrogen abundance profiles inside the Sun. These…
In the coming age of precision neutrino physics, neutrinos from the Sun become robust probes of the conditions of the solar core. Here, we focus on $^8$B neutrinos, for which there are already high precision measurements by the Sudbury…
We re-evaluate the abundances of the elements in the Sun from copper ($Z=29$) to thorium ($Z=90$). Our results are mostly based on neutral and singly-ionised lines in the solar spectrum. We use the latest 3D hydrodynamic solar model…
Observed solar neutrino fluxes are employed to constrain the interior composition of the Sun. Including the effects of neutrino flavor mixing, the results from Homestake, Sudbury, and Gallium experiments constrain the Mg, Si, and Fe…
We examine the constraints imposed by helioseismic data on the solar heavy element abundances. In prior work we argued that the measured depth of the surface convection zone R_CZ and the surface helium abundance Y_surf were good metallicity…
Measurements on the isotopic and elemental compositions of meteorites, planets, lunar samples, the solar wind, and solar flares since 1960 suggest that the standard solar model may be in error. A new solar model suggests that the observed…
In this brief review we discuss the possibility of studying the solar interior by means of neutrinos, in the light of the enormous progress of neutrino physics in the last few years. The temperature near the solar center can be extracted…
Solar evolutionary models are thus far unable to reproduce spectroscopic, helioseismic, and neutrino constraints consistently, resulting in the so-called solar modeling problem. In parallel, planet formation models predict that the evolving…
A review of solar neutrino experiments is provided, including experimental measurements to date and proposed future measurements. Experiments to date have provided a clear determination that solar neutrinos are undergoing flavor…
Present results and future measurements of solar neutrinos are discussed. The results to date indicate that solar electron neutrinos are changing to other active types and that transitions solely to sterile neutrinos are disfavored. The…
On the basis of present solar neutrino observations and relaxing the constraints from solar models it is possible that most (or nearly all) of the flux of electron neutrinos detected comes from electron capture in $^7{Be}$. These solutions…
It is shown that the metal abundance in the solar interior is constrained from the current solar neutrino experiment, even if one allows neutrino conversion in the sun due to neutrino oscillation. The result shows that the metal abundance…
The visual binary system 16~Cyg~A+B consists of similar solar twins, but a planetary companion is detected only in B. An intensive spectroscopic differential analysis is carried out to the Sun, 16~Cyg~A, and 16~Cyg~B, with particular…