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The article reviews the statistical theory of signal detection in application to analysis of deterministic gravitational-wave signals in the noise of a detector. Statistical foundations for the theory of signal detection and parameter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-10 Piotr Jaranowski , Andrzej Królak

Gravitational-wave observatories around the world are searching for continuous waves: persistent signals from sources such as spinning neutron stars. These searches use sophisticated statistical techniques to look for weak signals in noisy…

In this paper we study the use of cross-correlations between multiple gravitational wave (GW) data streams for detecting long-lived periodic signals. Cross-correlation searches between data from multiple detectors have traditionally been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Sanjeev Dhurandhar , Badri Krishnan , Himan Mukhopadhyay , John T. Whelan

A world-wide array of highly sensitive interferometers stands poised to usher in a new era in astronomy with the first direct detection of gravitational waves. The data from these instruments will provide a unique perspective on extreme…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-27 Neil J. Cornish

As gravitational wave detectors become more advanced and sensitive, the number of signals recorded by Advanced LIGO and Virgo from merging compact objects is expected to rise dramatically. This surge in detection rates necessitates the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-05 Chayan Chatterjee , Abigail Petulante , Karan Jani , Jesse Spencer-Smith , Yang Hu , Roy Lau , Haowei Fu , Trang Hoang , Stephen Chong Zhao , Suyash Deshmukh

Gravitational wave data from ground-based detectors is dominated by instrument noise. Signals will be comparatively weak, and our understanding of the noise will influence detection confidence and signal characterization. Mis-modeled noise…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-22 Tyson B. Littenberg , Neil J. Cornish

A tentative detection of gravitational-wave echoes in the post-merger signal of GW170817 has been recently claimed at $4.2\sigma$ significance level. It has been speculated that the signal might provide evidence for near-horizon quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-29 Paolo Pani , Valeria Ferrari

A new experiment for the gravitational waves (GWs) detection is proposed. It is indeed shown that the effect of GWs on sound waves (SWs) in a fluid is that GWs vary the pressure of the fluid by crossing it. This variation can be found by…

General Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Basem Ghayour , Jafar Khodagholizadeh , Christian Corda , Ming-Lei Tong , Ali Ghayour

Excess transient noise artifacts, or glitches impact the data quality of ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors and impair the detection of signals produced by astrophysical sources. Mitigation of glitches is crucial for improving…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-09 Kentaro Mogushi

We consider the stochastic background of gravitational waves produced by a network of cosmic strings and assess their accessibility to current and planned gravitational wave detectors, as well as to big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), cosmic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Xavier Siemens , Vuk Mandic , Jolien Creighton

The advancement of The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) has significantly enhanced the feasibility and reliability of gravitational wave detection. However, LIGO's high sensitivity makes it susceptible to transient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Yi Li , Yunan Wu , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

Gravitational wave echoes may appear following a compact binary coalescence if the remnant is an "exotic compact object" (ECO). ECOs are proposed alternatives to the black holes of Einstein's general relativity theory and are predicted to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-07 Andrea Miani , Claudia Lazzaro , Giovanni Andrea Prodi , Shubhanshu Tiwari , Marco Drago , Edoardo Milotti , Gabriele Vedovato

Gravitational waves at suitable frequencies can resonantly interact with a binary system, inducing changes to its orbit. A stochastic gravitational-wave background causes the orbital elements of the binary to execute a classic random walk,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-27 Lam Hui , Sean T. McWilliams , I-Sheng Yang

Gravitational wave (GW) observations are expected to serve as a powerful and independent probe of the expansion history of the universe. By providing direct and calibration-free measurements of luminosity distances through waveform…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 Shang-Jie Jin , Ji-Yu Song , Tian-Yang Sun , Si-Ren Xiao , He Wang , Ling-Feng Wang , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

Third-generation (3G) gravitational-wave detectors will observe thousands of coalescing neutron star binaries with unprecedented fidelity. Extracting the highest precision science from these signals is expected to be challenging owing to…

Recent observations by pulsar timing arrays indicate the presence of gravitational wave signals, likely from supermassive black hole binaries. These binaries can produce two types of signals: a stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-12 Irene Ferranti , Golam Shaifullah , Aurelien Chalumeau , Alberto Sesana

The potential of compressed sensing for obtaining sparse time-frequency representations for gravitational wave data analysis is illustrated by comparison with existing methods, as regards i) shedding light on the fine structure of noise…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-16 Paolo Addesso , Maurizio Longo , Stefano Marano , Vincenzo Matta , Maria Principe , Innocenzo M. Pinto

Gravitational wave (GW) detection is now commonplace and as the sensitivity of the global network of GW detectors improves, we will observe $\mathcal{O}(100)$s of transient GW events per year. The current methods used to estimate their…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-21 Hunter Gabbard , Chris Messenger , Ik Siong Heng , Francesco Tonolini , Roderick Murray-Smith

Gravitational wave astronomy is a rapidly growing field of modern astrophysics, with observations being made frequently by the LIGO detectors. Gravitational wave signals are often extremely weak and the data from the detectors, such as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-31 Hongyu Shen , Daniel George , E. A. Huerta , Zhizhen Zhao

It is shown that if a generalized definition of gauge invariance is used, gauge invariant effective stress-energy tensors for gravitational waves and other gravitational perturbations can be defined in a much larger variety of circumstances…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-09 Paul R. Anderson