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We construct quantum circuits which exactly encode the spectra of correlated electron models up to errors from rotation synthesis. By invoking these circuits as oracles within the recently introduced "qubitization" framework, one can use…

We generalize the polynomial-time outcome-complete simulation algorithm for stabilizer circuits in arXiv:2309.08676 to track global phases exactly, yielding what we call phased outcome-complete simulation. The original algorithm enabled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Adam Paetznick , Marcus P. da Silva

We show how to explicitly construct an $O(nd)$ size and constant quantum depth circuit which encodes any given $n$-qubit stabilizer code with $d$ generators. Our construction is derived using the graphic description for stabilizer codes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-18 Wei Huang , Zhaohui Wei

We present an algorithm for efficiently simulating a quantum circuit in the graph formalism. In the graph formalism, we represent states as a linear combination of graphs with Clifford operations on their vertices. We show how a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-09 Andrey Boris Khesin , Kevin Ren

Verification of NISQ era quantum devices demands fast classical simulation of large noisy quantum circuits. We present an algorithm based on the stabilizer formalism that can efficiently simulate noisy stabilizer circuits. Additionally, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-17 Patrick Rall

Stabilizer simulation can efficiently simulate an important class of quantum circuits consisting exclusively of Clifford gates. However, all existing extensions of this simulation to arbitrary quantum circuits including non-Clifford gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-22 Benjamin Bichsel , Anouk Paradis , Maximilian Baader , Martin Vechev

Understanding which subclasses of quantum circuits are efficiently classically simulable is fundamental to delineating the boundary between classical and quantum computation. In this context, it is well known that certain tasks based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Su Yeon Chang , Martin Larocca , M. Cerezo

Simulation of stabilizer circuits is a well-studied problem in quantum information processing, with a number of highly optimized algorithms available. Yet, we argue that further improvements can arise from the theoretical structure of…

Computing the simulation preorder of a given Kripke structure (i.e., a directed graph with $n$ labeled vertices) has crucial applications in model checking of temporal logic. It amounts to solving a specific two-players reachability game,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Massimo Cairo , Romeo Rizzi

The Gottesman-Knill theorem says that a stabilizer circuit -- that is, a quantum circuit consisting solely of CNOT, Hadamard, and phase gates -- can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer. This paper improves that theorem in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Scott Aaronson , Daniel Gottesman

The stabiliser formalism plays a central role in quantum computing, error correction, and fault tolerance. Conversions between and verifications of different specifications of stabiliser states and Clifford gates are important components of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-09 Nadish de Silva , Wilfred Salmon , Ming Yin

Quantum computations are expressed in general as quantum circuits, which are specified by ordered lists of quantum gates. The resulting specifications are used during the optimisation and execution of the expressed computations. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-08 Alexandru Paler , Simon J. Devitt

We find a scaling reduction in the stabilizer rank of the twelve-qubit tensored $T$ gate magic state. This lowers its asymptotic bound to $2^{\sim 0.463 t}$ for multi-Pauli measurements on $t$ magic states, improving over the best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-08 Lucas Kocia

The most scalable proposed methods of simulating lattice fermions on noisy quantum computers employ encodings that eliminate nonlocal operators using a constant factor more qubits and a nontrivial stabilizer group. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Riley W. Chien , Kanav Setia , Xavier Bonet-Monroig , Mark Steudtner , James D. Whitfield

We consider recent works on the simulation of quantum circuits using the formalism of matrix product states and the formalism of contracting tensor networks. We provide simplified direct proofs of many of these results, extending an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard Jozsa

We introduce an enhanced technique for strong classical simulation of quantum circuits which combines the `sum-of-stabilisers' method with an automated simplification strategy based on the ZX-calculus. Recently it was shown that quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-05 Aleks Kissinger , John van de Wetering

Quantum circuit model is the most popular paradigm for implementing complex quantum computation. Based on Cartan decomposition, we show that $2(N-1)$ generalized controlled-$X$ (GCX) gates, $6$ single-qubit rotations about the $y$- and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-13 Gui-Long Jiang , Hai-Rui Wei , Guo-Zhu Song , Ming Hua

We establish a link between stabilizer states, stabilizer rank, and higher-order Fourier analysis -- a still-developing area of mathematics that grew out of Gowers's celebrated Fourier-analytic proof of Szemer\'edi's theorem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-09 Farrokh Labib

We start by studying the subgroup structures underlying stabilizer circuits and we use our results to propose a new normal form for stabilizer circuits. This normal form is computed by induction using simple conjugation rules in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-05 Marc Bataille

The characterization of nonstabilizerness is fruitful due to its application in gate synthesis and classical simulation. In particular, the resource monotone called the stabilizer extent is a useful tool to estimate the simulation cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-07 Hiroki Hamaguchi , Kou Hamada , Naoki Marumo , Nobuyuki Yoshioka