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The evaluation of recommender system fairness has become increasingly important, especially with recent legislation that emphasises the development of fair and responsible artificial intelligence. This has led to the emergence of various…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Theresia Veronika Rampisela

Science students must deal with the errors inherent to all physical measurements and be conscious of the need to expressvthem as a best estimate and a range of uncertainty. Errors are routinely classified as statistical or systematic.…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-05-05 Martin Monteiro , Cecilia Stari , Cecilia Cabeza , Arturo C. Marti

Among plausible causes for replicability failure, one that has not received sufficient attention is the environment in which the research is conducted. Consisting of the population, equipment, personnel, and various conditions such as…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-01 James J. Higgins , Michael J. Higgins , Jinguang Lin

Educators must make decisions about learner expectations and skills on which to focus when it comes to laboratory activities. There are various approaches but the general pattern is to encourage students to measure ordered pairs, plot a…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-03-30 Kevin L. Haglin

In astronomy, there is an opportunity to enhance the practice of validating models through statistical techniques, specifically to account for measurement error uncertainties. While models are commonly used to describe observations, there…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 Fiorenzo Stoppa , Eric Cator , Gijs Nelemans

We present an online and data-driven uncertainty quantification method to enable the development of safe human-robot collaboration applications. Safety and risk assessment of systems are strongly correlated with the accuracy of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Woo-Jeong Baek , Christoph Ledermann , Torsten Kröger

Nearly all statistical analyses that inform policy-making are based on imperfect data. As examples, the data may suffer from measurement errors, missing values, sample selection bias, or record linkage errors. Analysts have to decide how to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-24 Adway S. Wadekar , Jerome P. Reiter

The widespread utilization of AI systems has drawn attention to the potential impacts of such systems on society. Of particular concern are the consequences that prediction errors may have on real-world scenarios, and the trust humanity…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Mary Roszel , Robert Norvill , Jean Hilger , Radu State

In spite of considerable practical importance, current algorithmic fairness literature lacks technical methods to account for underlying geographic dependency while evaluating or mitigating bias issues for spatial data. We initiate the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-31 Subhabrata Majumdar , Cheryl Flynn , Ritwik Mitra

When studying the causal effect of $x$ on $y$, researchers may conduct regression and report a confidence interval for the slope coefficient $\beta_{x}$. This common confidence interval provides an assessment of uncertainty from sampling…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-26 Brian Knaeble , Braxton Osting , Mark Abramson

Online controlled experiment (also called A/B test or experiment) is the most important tool for decision-making at a wide range of data-driven companies like Microsoft, Google, Meta, etc. Metric computation is the core procedure for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Tao Xiong , Yong Wang

Test data measured by medical instruments often carry imprecise ranges that include the true values. The latter are not obtainable in virtually all cases. Most learning algorithms, however, carry out arithmetical calculations that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Mei Wang , Jianwen Su , Haiqin Lu

To produce images that are suitable for display, tone-mapping is widely used in digital cameras to map linear color measurements into narrow gamuts with limited dynamic range. This introduces non-linear distortion that must be undone,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-11-11 Ayan Chakrabarti , Ying Xiong , Baochen Sun , Trevor Darrell , Daniel Scharstein , Todd Zickler , Kate Saenko

Network data is usually not error-free, and the absence of some nodes is a very common type of measurement error. Studies have shown that the reliability of centrality measures is severely affected by missing nodes. This paper investigates…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Christoph Martin

Telemetry is the automated sensing and collection of data from a remote device. It is often used to provide better services for users. Microsoft uses telemetry to periodically collect information about Windows systems and to help improve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Jaehyeok Han , Jungheum Park , Hyunji Chung , Sangjin Lee

Considerable efforts to measure and mitigate gender bias in recent years have led to the introduction of an abundance of tasks, datasets, and metrics used in this vein. In this position paper, we assess the current paradigm of gender bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Hadas Orgad , Yonatan Belinkov

Measurement error arises through a variety of mechanisms. A rich literature exists on the bias introduced by covariate measurement error and on methods of analysis to address this bias. By comparison, less attention has been given to errors…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-27 Pamela Shaw , Jiwei He , Bryan Shepherd

In this paper we investigate the question of how much combined measurements can increase the accuracy of additive quantities. Therefore, we consider a set of measurements from a selection of all possible combinations of the $n$ labeled…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-05-18 B. Mirbach , M. Boguslawski

Online experiments such as Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) or A/B-tests are the bread and butter of modern platforms on the web. They are conducted continuously to allow platforms to estimate the causal effect of replacing system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Olivier Jeunen

The study of the optical transmission matrix (TM) of a sample reveals important statistics of light transport through it. The accuracy of the statistics depends strongly on the orthogonality and completeness of the basis in which the TM is…

Optics · Physics 2020-12-29 Pritam Pai , Jeroen Bosch , Allard P. Mosk