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Cautious predictions -- where a machine learning model abstains when uncertain -- are crucial for limiting harmful errors in safety-critical applications. In this work, we identify a novel threat: a dishonest institution can exploit these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Stephan Rabanser , Ali Shahin Shamsabadi , Olive Franzese , Xiao Wang , Adrian Weller , Nicolas Papernot

Today business environment is highly dependent on complex technologies, and information is considered an important asset. Organizations are therefore required to protect their information infrastructure and follow an inclusive risk…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-12-15 Pankaj Pandey

In the dynamic cyber threat landscape, effective decision-making under uncertainty is crucial for maintaining robust information security. This paper introduces the Cyber Resilience Index (CRI), a threat-informed probabilistic approach to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Lampis Alevizos , Vinh-Thong Ta

Machine learning models often pose a threat to the privacy of individuals whose data is part of the training set. Several recent attacks have been able to infer sensitive information from trained models, including model inversion or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Abigail Goldsteen , Gilad Ezov , Ariel Farkash

Current cybersecurity research increasingly acknowledges the human factor, yet remains fragmented, often treating user vulnerabilities as isolated and static traits. This paper introduces MORPHEUS, a holistic framework that operationalizes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Giuseppe Desolda , Francesco Greco , Rosa Lanzilotti , Cesare Tucci

Nowadays, companies are highly exposed to cyber security threats. In many industrial domains, protective measures are being deployed and actively supported by standards. However the global process remains largely dependent on document…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Christophe Ponsard

Machine learning models are prone to memorizing sensitive data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to guess if an input sample was used to train the model. In this paper, we show that prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Liwei Song , Prateek Mittal

Human oversight of AI is promoted as a safeguard against risks such as inaccurate outputs, system malfunctions, or violations of fundamental rights, and is mandated in regulation like the European AI Act. Yet debates on human oversight have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jonas C. Ditz , Veronika Lazar , Elmar Lichtmeß , Carola Plesch , Matthias Heck , Kevin Baum , Markus Langer

Information sharing among organizations has been gaining attention as a method for improving cybersecurity. However, the associated disclosure costs act as deterrents for firms' voluntary cooperation. In this work, we take a game-theoretic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Parinaz Naghizadeh , Mingyan Liu

Insider threats continue to present a major challenge for the information security community. Despite constant research taking place in this area; a substantial gap still exists between the requirements of this community and the solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Adam James Hall , Nikolaos Pitropakis , William J Buchanan , Naghmeh Moradpoor

Enterprises today face increasing cybersecurity threats that necessitate robust digital forensics and risk mitigation strategies. This paper explores these challenges through an imaginary case study of an organization, a global identity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Shamnad Mohamed Shaffi

The critical assessment presented within this paper explores existing research pertaining to the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) branch of cyber security, applying the knowledge extracted from this research to discuss, evaluate and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Mohammad Bilal Khan

Frontier AI systems are rapidly advancing in their capabilities to persuade, deceive, and influence human behaviour, with current models already demonstrating human-level persuasion and strategic deception in specific contexts. Humans are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Rishane Dassanayake , Mario Demetroudi , James Walpole , Lindley Lentati , Jason R. Brown , Edward James Young

Information sharing in organization has been considered as an important approach in increasing organizational efficiency, performance and decision making. With the present and advances in information and communication technology, sharing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2013-09-03 Oyelami Julius Olusegun , Norafida Binti Ithnin

User reporting systems are central to addressing interpersonal conflicts and protecting users from harm in online spaces, particularly those with heightened privacy expectations. However, users often express frustration at their lack of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Leijie Wang , Weizi Wu , Lirong Que , Nirvan Tyagi , Amy X. Zhang

The Internet and cyberspace are inseparable aspects of everyone's life. Cyberspace is a concept that describes widespread, interconnected, and online digital technology. Cyberspace refers to the online world that is separate from everyday…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Sarah Sharifi

Financial crimes like money laundering and terrorism financing can have significant impacts on society, including loss of trust in the integrity of the financial system, misuse and mismanagement of public funds, increase in societal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yang Li , Thilina Ranbaduge , Kee Siong Ng

Deceptive patterns are design practices embedded in digital platforms to manipulate users, representing a widespread and long-standing issue in the web and mobile software development industry. Legislative actions highlight the urgency of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Zewei Shi , Ruoxi Sun , Jieshan Chen , Jiamou Sun , Minhui Xue

We systematically evaluate the quality of widely used adversarial safety datasets from two perspectives: in isolation and in practice. In isolation, we examine how well these datasets reflect real-world adversarial attacks based on three…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Shahriar Golchin , Marc Wetter

Many modern organisations employ methods which involve monitoring of employees' actions in order to encourage teamwork in the workplace. While monitoring promotes a transparent working environment, the effects of making monitoring itself…

General Economics · Economics 2021-12-24 Michalis Drouvelis , Johannes Jarke-Neuert , Johannes Lohse