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This paper describes the methodology for building a dynamic risk assessment for ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance Systems) algorithms in parking scenarios, fusing exterior and interior perception for a better understanding of the scene and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Paola Natalia Cañas , Mikel García , Nerea Aranjuelo , Marcos Nieto , Aitor Iglesias , Igor Rodríguez

Despite the emergence of diffusion large language models (D-LLMs) as an alternative to autoregressive large language models (AR-LLMs), safety monitoring for D-LLMs remains largely unexplored. Unlike AR-LLMs, D-LLMs generate text through a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Aoxi Liu , Yupeng Chen , James Oldfield , Guanzhe Hong , Junchi Yu , Baoyuan Wu , Philip Torr , Adel Bibi

The validity of the subjective evaluation of steering feedback in driving simulators is crucial for modern vehicle development. Although there are established objective steering characteristics for the assessment of both stationary and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Maximilian Böhle , Bernhard Schick , Steffen Müller

Driver distractions are known to be the dominant cause of road accidents. While monitoring systems can detect non-driving-related activities and facilitate reducing the risks, they must be accurate and efficient to be applicable.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Yiming Ma , Victor Sanchez , Soodeh Nikan , Devesh Upadhyay , Bhushan Atote , Tanaya Guha

Steering feedback plays a substantial role in the validity of driving simulators for the virtual development of modern vehicles. Established objective steering characteristics typically assess the feedback behavior in the frequency range of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Maximilian Böhle , Bernhard Schick , Steffen Müller

Navigating through intersections is one of the main challenging tasks for an autonomous vehicle. However, for the majority of intersections regulated by traffic lights, the problem could be solved by a simple rule-based method in which the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Alessandro Paolo Capasso , Paolo Maramotti , Anthony Dell'Eva , Alberto Broggi

Simulation has long been an essential part of testing autonomous driving systems, but only recently has simulation been useful for building and training self-driving vehicles. Vehicle behavioural models are necessary to simulate the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Ao Li , Liting Sun , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

The deep neural networks (DNNs)based autonomous driving systems (ADSs) are expected to reduce road accidents and improve safety in the transportation domain as it removes the factor of human error from driving tasks. The DNN based ADS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Manzoor Hussain , Nazakat Ali , Jang-Eui Hong

In 2015, 391,000 people were injured due to distracted driving in the US. One of the major reasons behind distracted driving is the use of cell-phones, accounting for 14% of fatal crashes. Social media applications have enabled users to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Hemank Lamba , Shashank Srikanth , Dheeraj Reddy Pailla , Shwetanshu Singh , Karandeep Juneja , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

The Driving World Model (DWM), which focuses on predicting scene evolution during the driving process, has emerged as a promising paradigm in the pursuit of autonomous driving (AD). DWMs enable AD systems to better perceive, understand, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sifan Tu , Xin Zhou , Dingkang Liang , Xingyu Jiang , Yumeng Zhang , Xiaofan Li , Xiang Bai

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) increasingly rely on learning-based perception, yet safety-relevant failures often arise without component malfunction, driven instead by partial observability and semantic ambiguity in how risk is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jean Douglas Carvalho , Hugo Taciro Kenji , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Glaucia Melo , Max Mauro Dias Santos , Deepa Kundur

Affective states have a critical role in driving performance and safety. They can degrade driver situation awareness and negatively impact cognitive processes, severely diminishing road safety. Therefore, detecting and assessing drivers'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Daniel Lopez-Martinez , Neska El-Haouij , Rosalind Picard

Automated driving systems (ADS) are expected to be reliable and robust against a wide range of driving scenarios. Their decisions, first and foremost, must be well understood. Understanding a decision made by ADS is a great challenge,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Quang-Hung Luu , Huai Liu , Tsong Yueh Chen , Hai L. Vu

Deep learning and computer vision techniques have become increasingly important in the development of self-driving cars. These techniques play a crucial role in enabling self-driving cars to perceive and understand their surroundings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Kanishkha Jaisankar , Pranav M. Pawar , Diana Susane Joseph , Raja Muthalagu , Mithun Mukherjee

Autonomous driving at unsignalized intersections is still considered a challenging application for machine learning due to the complications associated with handling complex multi-agent scenarios characterized by a high degree of…

According to data from the United Nations, more than 3000 people have died each day in the world due to road traffic collision. Considering recent researches, the human error may be considered as the main responsible for these fatalities.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Andrés E. Gómez , Tiago C. dos Santos , Carlos M. Massera , Arthur de M. Neto , Denis F. Wolf

Driver support systems that include human states in the support process is an active research field. Many recent approaches allow, for example, to sense the driver's drowsiness or awareness of the driving situation. However, so far, this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Tim Puphal , Ryohei Hirano , Malte Probst , Raphael Wenzel , Akihito Kimata

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are often used in the automotive industry to highlight innovative improvements in vehicle safety. However, today it is unclear whether certain automation (e.g., adaptive cruise control, lane…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Sophie Le Page , Jason Millar , Kelly Bronson , Shalaleh Rismani , AJung Moon

With the steadily increasing pedestrian fatalities, pedestrian safety is a growing concern, especially in urban environments. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) have been developed to mitigate road user risks by predicting potential…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Hesham Alyamani , Yucheng Yang , David Noyce , Madhav Chitturi , Kassem Fawaz

We make a methodological contribution by introducing a new dimension of traffic conflict severity: the probability that a driver is in a defensive state. This behavioural probability reflects an internal response to perceived risk and is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-27 Rulla Al-Haideri , Karim Ismail , Bilal Farooq , Adam Weiss