Related papers: Born's Rule from Quantum Frequentism
Born's rule is the recipe for calculating probabilities from quantum mechanical amplitudes. There is no generally accepted derivation of Born's rule from first principles. In this paper, it is motivated from assumptions that link the…
We show that probabilities of results of all possible measurements performing on a quantum system depend on the system's state only through its density matrix. Therefore all experimentally available information about the state contains in…
According to the Born rule, the probability density in quantum theory is determined by the square of the wave function. A generally accepted derivation of this rule has not yet been proposed. In the given work, a simple physical picture is…
A physical experiment comprises along the time trajectory a start, a time evolution (duration), and an end, which is the measurement. In non relativistic quantum mechanics the start of the experiment is defined by the wave function at time…
The lack of superposition of different position states or the emergence of classicality in macroscopic systems have been a puzzle for decades. Classicality exists in every measuring apparatus, and is the key for understanding what can be…
The Born's rule introduces intrinsic randomness to the outcomes of a measurement performed on a quantum mechanical system. But, if the system is prepared in the eigenstate of an observable then the measurement outcome of that observable is…
We show that the quadratic measure need not be postulated, but follows from the compatibility of two structural features of physical processes: linear reversible evolution prior to the formation of persistent records, and multiplicative…
The auxiliary rules of quantum mechanics have always included the Born rule that connects probability with square modulus. This need not be the case, for it is possible to introduce probability into the theory through probability current…
In ordinary situations involving a small part of the universe, Born's rule seems to work well for calculating probabilities of observations in quantum theory. However, there are a number of reasons for believing that it is not adequate for…
I argue that the rules of unitary quantum mechanics imply that observers who will themselves be subject to measurements in a linear combination of macroscopic states (``cat" measurements) cannot make reliable predictions on the results of…
Everettian Quantum Mechanics, or the Many Worlds Interpretation, lacks an explanation for quantum probabilities. We show that the values given by the Born rule equal projection factors, describing the contraction of Lebesgue measures in…
In this treatise I introduce the time dependent Generalized Born's Rule for the probabilities of quantum events, including conditional and consecutive probabilities, as the unique fundamental time evolution equation of quantum theory. Then…
The Born rule, a foundational axiom used to deduce probabilities of events from wavefunctions, is indispensable in the everyday practice of quantum physics. It is also key in the quest to reconcile the ostensibly inconsistent laws of the…
The Born rule is part of the collapse axiom in the standard version of quantum theory, as presented by standard textbooks on the subject. We show here that its signature quadratic dependence follows from a single additional physical…
We introduce a 'uniform tension-reduction' (UTR) model, which allows to represent the probabilities associated with an arbitrary measurement situation and use it to explain the emergence of quantum probabilities (the Born rule) as 'uniform'…
The Born rule may be stated mathematically as the rule that probabilities in quantum theory are expectation values of a complete orthogonal set of projection operators. This rule works for single laboratory settings in which the observer…
Single-world unitary quantum theories imply that some measurements have results whose probabilities can not be calculated by the Born rule.
Attempts to derive the Born rule, either in the Many Worlds or Copenhagen interpretation, are unsatisfactory for systems with only a finite number of degrees of freedom. In the case of Many Worlds this is a serious problem, since its goal…
Understanding the core content of quantum mechanics requires us to disentangle the hidden logical relationships between the postulates of this theory. Here we show that the mathematical structure of quantum measurements, the formula for…
It is often claimed that the collapse of the wave function and Born's rule to interpret the square of the norm as a probability, have to be introduced as separate axioms in quantum mechanics besides the Schroedinger equation. Here we show…