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Generalization in deep neural networks remains only partially understood. Inspired by the stronger generalization tendency of biological systems, we explore the hypothesis that robust internal representations should remain effective across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Haotian Wang

It is widely believed that the success of deep networks lies in their ability to learn a meaningful representation of the features of the data. Yet, understanding when and how this feature learning improves performance remains a challenge:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-13 Leonardo Petrini , Francesco Cagnetta , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Matthieu Wyart

It is well known that eigenfunctions of a kernel play a crucial role in kernel regression. Through several examples, we demonstrate that even with the same set of eigenfunctions, the order of these functions significantly impacts regression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Yicheng Li , Qian Lin

Distributed reinforcement learning policies face network delays, jitter, and packet loss when deployed across edge devices and cloud servers. Standard RL training assumes zero-latency interaction, causing severe performance degradation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Carlos Purves , Pietro Lio'

A nonparametric method to predict non-Markovian time series of partially observed dynamics is developed. The prediction problem we consider is a supervised learning task of finding a regression function that takes a delay embedded…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-14 Faheem Gilani , Dimitrios Giannakis , John Harlim

In this work, we theoretically investigate the generalization properties of neural networks (NN) trained by stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm with large learning rates. Under such a training regime, our finding is that, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Miao Lu , Beining Wu , Xiaodong Yang , Difan Zou

Deep neural networks have been successfully used in diverse emerging domains to solve real world complex problems with may more deep learning(DL) architectures, being developed to date. To achieve these state-of-the-art performances, the DL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Chigozie Nwankpa , Winifred Ijomah , Anthony Gachagan , Stephen Marshall

Recent advances in Deep Gaussian Processes (DGPs) show the potential to have more expressive representation than that of traditional Gaussian Processes (GPs). However, there exists a pathology of deep Gaussian processes that their learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Anh Tong , Jaesik Choi

The flexibility of decision boundaries in neural networks that are unguided by training data is a well-known problem typically resolved with generalization methods. A surprising result from recent knowledge distillation (KD) literature is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 HeeSeung Jung , Kangil Kim , Hoyong Kim , Jong-Hun Shin

This paper introduces a novel parametric activation function based on Wendland radial basis functions (RBFs) for deep neural networks. Wendland RBFs, known for their compact support, smoothness, and positive definiteness in approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Majid Darehmiraki

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning approach that trains machine learning models across multiple devices while keeping their local data private. However, FL often faces challenges due to data heterogeneity, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Dun Zeng , Zheshun Wu , Shiyu Liu , Yu Pan , Xiaoying Tang , Zenglin Xu

It is a common assumption that the activation of different layers in neural networks follow Gaussian distribution. This distribution can be transformed using normalization techniques, such as batch-normalization, increasing convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Andras Horvath , Jalal Al-afandi

We present experimental results highlighting two key differences resulting from the choice of training algorithm for two-layer neural networks. The spectral bias of neural networks is well known, while the spectral bias dependence on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Aku Kammonen , Lisi Liang , Anamika Pandey , Raúl Tempone

The training dynamics and generalization properties of neural networks (NN) can be precisely characterized in function space via the neural tangent kernel (NTK). Structural changes to the NTK during training reflect feature learning and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-11 Haozhe Shan , Blake Bordelon

In supervised learning, the output variable to be predicted is often represented as a function, such as a spectrum or probability distribution. Despite its importance, functional output regression remains relatively unexplored. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-19 Minoru Kusaba , Megumi Iwayama , Ryo Yoshida

Generalized linear models are one of the most efficient paradigms for predicting the correlated stochastic activity of neuronal networks in response to external stimuli, with applications in many brain areas. However, when dealing with…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-11-17 Gabriel Mahuas , Giulio Isacchini , Olivier Marre , Ulisse Ferrari , Thierry Mora

Stability arguments are often used to prevent learning algorithms from having ever increasing activity and weights that hinder generalization. However, stability conditions can clash with the sparsity required to augment the energy…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Luca Herranz-Celotti , Jean Rouat

This paper investigates the usage of kernel functions at the different layers in a convolutional neural network. We carry out extensive studies of their impact on convolutional, pooling and fully-connected layers. We notice that the linear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 M. Amine Mahmoudi , Aladine Chetouani , Fatma Boufera , Hedi Tabia

An invex function generalizes a convex function in the sense that every stationary point is a global minimizer. Recently, invex functions and their subclasses have attracted attention in signal processing and machine learning. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Akatsuki Nishioka

Kernels on graphs have had limited options for node-level problems. To address this, we present a novel, generalized kernel for graphs with node feature data for semi-supervised learning. The kernel is derived from a regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yin-Cong Zhi , Felix L. Opolka , Yin Cheng Ng , Pietro Liò , Xiaowen Dong