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These expository notes are centered around the circular law theorem, which states that the empirical spectral distribution of a nxn random matrix with i.i.d. entries of variance 1/n tends to the uniform law on the unit disc of the complex…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-14 Charles Bordenave , Djalil Chafai

We study a class of Hermitian random matrices which includes and generalizes Wigner matrices, heavy-tailed random matrices, and sparse random matrices such as the adjacency matrices of Erdos-Renyi random graphs with p ~ 1/N. Our NxN random…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-16 Paul Jung

We consider large non-Hermitian real or complex random matrices $X$ with independent, identically distributed centred entries. We prove that their local eigenvalue statistics near the spectral edge, the unit circle, coincide with those of…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Giorgio Cipolloni , László Erdős , Dominik Schröder

We revisit the moment method to obtain a slightly strengthened version of the usual semicircular law. Our version assumes only that the upper triangular entries of Hermitian random matrices are independent, have mean zero and variances…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Wooyoung Chin

This work is concerned with finite range bounds on the variance of individual eigenvalues of Wigner random matrices, in the bulk and at the edge of the spectrum, as well as for some intermediate eigenvalues. Relying on the GUE example,…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-07-06 Sandrine Dallaporta

We analyze the distribution of eigenvectors for mesoscopic, mean-field perturbations of diagonal matrices in the bulk of the spectrum. Our results apply to a generalized $N\times N$ Rosenzweig-Porter model. We prove that the eigenvectors…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Lucas Benigni

We consider $N\times N$ Hermitian or symmetric random matrices with independent entries. The distribution of the $(i,j)$-th matrix element is given by a probability measure $\nu_{ij}$ whose first two moments coincide with those of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-11-16 Antti Knowles , Jun Yin

We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the empirical eigenvalues distribution of the partial transpose of a random quantum state. The limiting distribution was previously investigated via Wishart random matrices indirectly (by…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-07-16 Motohisa Fukuda , Piotr Śniady

Several well-known results from the random matrix theory, such as Wigner's law and the Marchenko--Pastur law, can be interpreted (and proved) in terms of non-backtracking walks on a certain graph. Orthogonal polynomials with respect to the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sasha Sodin

Girko matrices have independent and identically distributed entries of mean zero and unit variance. In this note, we consider the random matrix model formed by the ratio of two independent Girko matrices, its entries are dependent and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Djalil Chafaï , David García-Zelada , Yuan Yuan Xu

The scaled standard Wigner matrix (symmetric with mean zero, variance one i.i.d. entries), and its limiting eigenvalue distribution, namely the semi-circular distribution, has attracted much attention. The $2k$th moment of the limit equals…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Arup Bose , Koushik Saha , Arusharka Sen , Priyanka Sen

We consider $N\times N$ Hermitian random matrices with independent identical distributed entries. The matrix is normalized so that the average spacing between consecutive eigenvalues is of order 1/N. Under suitable assumptions on the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Laszlo Erdos , Benjamin Schlein , Horng-Tzer Yau

We prove a local law for eigenvalues of the random Hermitian matrices with external source $W_n=\frac{1}{n}X_n+A_n$ where $X_n$ is Wigner matrix and $A_n$ is diagonal matrix with only two values $a, -a$ on the diagonal. The local law is an…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-22 Linh Tran

We consider the local eigenvalue distribution of large self-adjoint $N\times N$ random matrices $\mathbf{H}=\mathbf{H}^*$ with centered independent entries. In contrast to previous works the matrix of variances $s_{ij} = \mathbb{E}\,…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-09 Oskari Ajanki , Laszlo Erdos , Torben Krüger

We investigate traces of powers of random matrices whose distributions are invariant under rotations (with respect to the Hilbert--Schmidt inner product) within a real-linear subspace of the space of $n\times n$ matrices. The matrices we…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-30 Elizabeth S. Meckes , Mark W. Meckes

Let $X_N$ be a $N \times N$ real Wishart random matrix with aspect ratio $M/N$. The limit eigenvalue distribution of $X_N$ is the Marchenko-Pastur law with parameter $c = \lim_N M/N$. The limit moments $\{m_n\}_n$ are given by $m_n =…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-30 James A. Mingo , Josue Vazquez-Becerra

We consider real symmetric and complex Hermitian random matrices with the additional symmetry $h_{xy}=h_{N-x,N-y}$. The matrix elements are independent (up to the fourfold symmetry) and not necessarily identically distributed. This ensemble…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Johannes Alt

We study the fluctuations of eigenvalues from a class of Wigner random matrices that generalize the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble. We begin by considering an $n \times n$ matrix from the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) or Gaussian…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-03-03 Sean O'Rourke

Since E.P.Wigner (1958) established his famous semicircle law, lots of attention has been paid by physicists, probabilists and statisticians to study the asymptotic properties of the largest eigenvalues for random matrices. Bai and Yin…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-03-21 Yanqing Yin , Zhidong Bai , Jiang Hu

Random-matrix theory is applied to transition-rate matrices in the Pauli master equation. We study the distribution and correlations of eigenvalues, which govern the dynamics of complex stochastic systems. Both the cases of identical and of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-29 Carsten Timm