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Despite significant advances in the field of freeform optical design, there still remain various unsolved problems. One of these is the design of smooth, shallow freeform topologies, consisting of multiple convex, concave and saddle shaped…

Artificial neural networks have gone through a recent rise in popularity, achieving state-of-the-art results in various fields, including image classification, speech recognition, and automated control. Both the performance and…

Nanophotonics finds ever broadening applications requiring complex component designs with a large number of parameters to be simultaneously optimized. Recent methodologies employing optimization algorithms commonly focus on a single design…

Deep learning models have achieved significant success in various image related tasks. However, they often encounter challenges related to computational complexity and overfitting. In this paper, we propose an efficient approach that…

Designing functional materials requires a deep search through multidimensional spaces for system parameters that yield desirable material properties. For cases where conventional parameter sweeps or trial-and-error sampling are impractical,…

The design of fusion devices is typically based on computationally expensive simulations. This can be alleviated using high aspect ratio models that employ a reduced number of free parameters, especially in the case of stellarator…

The optimisation of neural networks can be sped up by orthogonalising the gradients before the optimisation step, ensuring the diversification of the learned representations. We orthogonalise the gradients of the layer's components/filters…

Electromagnetic metasurface design based on far-field constraints without the complete knowledge of the fields on both sides of the metasurface is typically a time consuming and iterative process, which relies heavily on heuristics and ad…

Efficient deep learning computing requires algorithm and hardware co-design to enable specialization: we usually need to change the algorithm to reduce memory footprint and improve energy efficiency. However, the extra degree of freedom…

Many phenomena in physics, including light, water waves, and sound, are described by wave equations. Given their coefficients, wave equations can be solved to high accuracy, but the presence of the wavelength scale often leads to large…

Inspired by the human visual perception system, hexagonal image processing in the context of machine learning deals with the development of image processing systems that combine the advantages of evolutionary motivated structures based on…

In the recent years a significant progress was achieved in the field of design and fabrication of optical systems based on freeform optical surfaces. They provide a possibility to build fast, wide-angle and high-resolution systems, which…

A fundamental challenge in the design of photonic devices, and electromagnetic structures more generally, is the optimization of their overall architecture to achieve a desired response. To this end, topology or shape optimizers based on…

Illumination is the deliberate utilization of light to realize practical or aesthetic effects. The designers combine with the environmental considerations, energy-saving goals, and technology advances with fundamental physics to develop…

Metasurfaces have shown promising potentials in shaping optical wavefronts while remaining compact compared to bulky geometric optics devices. Design of meta-atoms, the fundamental building blocks of metasurfaces, relies on trial-and-error…

The increasing size of neural networks has led to a growing demand for methods of efficient fine-tuning. Recently, an orthogonal fine-tuning paradigm was introduced that uses orthogonal matrices for adapting the weights of a pretrained…

Over the past decade, artificially engineered optical materials and nanostructured thin films have revolutionized the area of photonics by employing novel concepts of metamaterials and metasurfaces where spatially varying structures yield…

We consider applications of neural networks in nonlinear system identification and formulate a hypothesis that adjusting general network structure by incorporating frequency information or other known orthogonal transform, should result in…

In order to obtain a metasurface structure capable of filtering the light of a specific wavelength in the visible band, traditional method usually traverses the space consisting of possible designs, searching for a potentially satisfying…

Photonic lanterns allow the decomposition of highly multimodal light into a simplified modal basis such as single-moded and/or few-moded. They are increasingly finding uses in astronomy, optics and telecommunications. Calculating…