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A lighting-based multispectral imaging system using an RGB camera and a projector is one of the most practical and low-cost systems to acquire multispectral observations for estimating the scene's spectral reflectance information. However,…
A simple condition is given that is sufficient to determine whether a measure that is absolutely continuous with respect to a Gau{\ss}ian measure on the space of distributions is reflection positive. It readily generalises conventional…
We demonstrate the realization of refractometric measurements relying on the study of the transmission spectrum of filled capillary fibers. In this method, the fiber is filled with a material with a lower refractive index than that of the…
Optics is an important subfield of physics required for instrument design and used in a variety of other disciplines, including materials science, physics, and life sciences such as developmental biology and cell biology. It is important to…
There is debate about which indicators should currently be used to monitor levels of artificial light pollution. To be most valuable, methods need to be sensitive to variation in the spectral composition of light emissions (which are…
Many optical measurement techniques, such as light scattering from wavelength-scale particles or detecting motion from a surface with an optical lever, encode information in a complex radiation pattern. Extracting all available information…
Silicon and germanium are perhaps the two most well-understood semiconductor materials in the context of solid state device technologies and more recently micromachining and nanotechnology. Meanwhile, these two materials are also important…
Ellipsometry is a powerful and well-established optical technique used in the characterisation of materials. It works by combining the components of elliptically polarized light in order to draw information about the optical system. We…
In usual measurement with the Senarmont method using a conventional polarization microscope, the azimuth angle of the analyzer at extinction of the emerging light is detected by naked eyes. If the intensity of light is measured as a…
The absolute reflectance of a reflector and its point spread function are the key parameters of a telescope for measuring light flux. Typically, one is using low-cost technologies for producing mirrors for the needs of astro-particle…
The study of light lensed by cosmic matter has yielded much information about astrophysical questions. Observations are explained using geometrical optics following a ray-based description of light. After deflection the lensed light…
Various numerical methods exist for obtaining the radiances inside a canopy of leaves above a partly reflecting ground. In view of testing the accuracy of these diverse methods, it is desirable to have at one's disposal non-trivial models…
Strong gravitational lensing is a powerful probe of the distribution of matter on sub-kpc scales. It can be used to test the existence of completely dark subhalos surrounding galaxies, as predicted by the standard cold dark matter model, or…
The refractive index of single microparticles is derived from precise measurement and rigorous modeling of the stiffness of a laser trap. We demonstrate the method for particles of four different materials with diameters from 1.6 to 5.2…
An optical analog of the quantum weak measurement scheme proved to be very useful for the observation of optical beam shifts. Here we adapt the weak value amplification method for the observation of the angular Goos-Hanchen shift. We…
In a recent experiment, the out-of-plane surface susceptibility of a single-layer two-dimensional atom crystal in the visible spectrum has been measured. This susceptibility gives a measurable contribution to the reflectivity of…
Reflection of light from surfaces is a very common, but complex phenomenon not only in science and technology, but in every day life. The underlying basic optical principles have been developed within the last five centuries using visible…
A laser diffraction experiment was conducted to study light propagation in air. The experiment is easy to reproduce and it is based on simple optical principles. Two optical sensors (segmented photo-diodes) are used for measuring the…
Herein, the concept of point of darkness based on polarized light phase difference and absorption of light is demonstrated by simulations using low refractive index and extinction coefficient semiconductor and dielectric, and high…
The traditional optical concept for the object does not provide an experimental feasibility to speak for itself, due to the fact that no measuring instrument catches up with the fluctuation of light fields. Using the theory of coherence, we…