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ENF (Electrical Network Frequency) instantaneously fluctuates around its nominal value (50/60 Hz) due to a continuous disparity between generated power and consumed power. Consequently, luminous intensity of a mains-powered light source…
Electric Network Frequency (ENF) acts as a fingerprint in multimedia forensics applications. In indoor environments, ENF variations affect the intensity of light sources connected to power mains. Accordingly, the light intensity variations…
Electrical network frequency (ENF) is the signature of a power distribution grid which represents the nominal frequency (50 or 60 Hz) of a power system network. Due to load variations in a power grid, ENF sequences experience fluctuations.…
Most of the artificial lights fluctuate in response to the grid's alternating current and exhibit subtle variations in terms of both intensity and spectrum, providing the potential to estimate the Electric Network Frequency (ENF) from…
The increasing integration of renewable energy sources exacerbates the spatial and temporal differences in frequency across the power system, posing a serious challenge to the accurate and efficient assessment of system frequency security.…
Power system frequency could be captured by digital recordings and extracted to compare with a reference database for forensic time-stamp verification. It is known as the electric network frequency (ENF) criterion, enabled by the properties…
The Electric Network Frequency (ENF) is a signature of power distribution networks that can be captured by multimedia recordings made in areas where there is electrical activity. This has led to an emergence of several forensic applications…
Electric Network Frequency (ENF) fluctuations constitute a powerful tool in multimedia forensics. An efficient approach for ENF estimation is introduced with temporal windowing based on the filter-bank Capon spectral estimator. A type of…
Fluctuation-enhanced sensing comprises the analysis of the stochastic component of the sensor signal and the utilization of the microscopic dynamics of the interaction between the agent and the sensor. We study the relationship between the…
This report is aimed at reviving the explanation of flicker-noise observations as the result of spectral measurement of very low-frequency but stationary narrow-band fluctuations named as infralow-frequency noise (ILF noise) [A. Ya.…
Classical sampling is based on acquiring signal amplitudes at specific points in time, with the minimal sampling rate dictated by the degrees of freedom in the signal. The samplers in this framework are controlled by a global clock that…
The fundamental frequency is one of the parameters that define power quality. Correctly determining this parameter under the conditions that prevail in modern power grids is crucial. Diagnostic purposes often require an efficient estimation…
An oscillatory magnetic field dependence of the DC voltage is observed when a low-frequency current flows through superconducting Sn-Ge thin-film composites near the percolation threshold. The paper also studies the experimental…
Phase noise and frequency (in)stability both describe the fluctuation of stable periodic signals, from somewhat different standpoints. Frequency is unique compared to other domains of metrology, in that its fluctuations of interest span at…
Electron shelving gives rise to bright and dark periods in the resonance fluorescence of a three-level atom. The corresponding incoherent spectrum contains a very narrow inelastic peak on top of a two-level-like spectrum. Using the theories…
If a disturbance rocks a low-inertia power system, the frequency decline may be too rapid to arrest before it triggers undesirable responses from generators and loads. In the worst case, this instability could lead to blackout and major…
We present a novel method for measuring the rate of periodic phenomena (e.g., rotation, flicker, and vibration), by an event camera, a device asynchronously reporting brightness changes at independently operating pixels with high temporal…
To decide whether a digital video has been captured by a given device, multimedia forensic tools usually exploit characteristic noise traces left by the camera sensor on the acquired frames. This analysis requires that the noise pattern…
The Equivalent Effect Function (EEF) is defined as having the identical integral values on the control points of the original time series data; the EEF can be obtained from the derivative of the spline function passing through the integral…
To investigate the power and spectral index anisotropy in the inertial range of solar wind turbulence, we use 70 intervals of electric field data accumulated by Cluster spacecraft in the free solar wind. We compute the electric field…