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We derive an asymptotic formula for the number of strongly connected digraphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ arcs (directed edges), valid for $m-n\to\infty$ as $n\to \infty$ provided $m=O(n\log n)$. This fills the gap between Wright's results…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-18 Xavier Perez-Gimenez , Nicholas Wormald

In this work we consider the topological analysis of symbolic formal systems in the framework of network theory. In particular we analyse the network extracted by Principia Mathematica of B. Russell and A.N. Whitehead, where the vertices…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-09-09 A. P. Masucci

We describe various path homology theories constructed for a directed hypergraph. We introduce the category of directed hypergraphs and the notion of a homotopy in this category. Also, we investigate the functoriality and the homotopy…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-09-22 Yuri Muranov , Anna Szczepkowska , Vladimir Vershinin

Structured prediction can be thought of as a simultaneous prediction of multiple labels. This is often done by maximizing a score function on the space of labels, which decomposes as a sum of pairwise and unary potentials. The above is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Kevin Bello , Jean Honorio

We prove that there exists a function $f:\mathbb{N}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ such that every directed graph $G$ contains either $k$ directed odd cycles where every vertex of $G$ is contained in at most two of them, or a set of at most $f(k)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-30 Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Stephan Kreutzer , O-joung Kwon , Qiqin Xie

Symbolic regression is a type of discrete optimization problem that involves searching expressions that fit given data points. In many cases, other mathematical constraints about the unknown expression not only provide more information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Li Li , Minjie Fan , Rishabh Singh , Patrick Riley

We define graph products of families of pairs of groups and study the question when two such graph products are commensurable. As an application we prove linearity of certain graph products.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Tadeusz Januszkiewicz , Jacek Swiatkowski

The main contribution of this article is a new prior distribution over directed acyclic graphs, which gives larger weight to sparse graphs. This distribution is intended for structured Bayesian networks, where the structure is given by an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-28 Felix L. Rios , John M. Noble , Timo J. T. Koski

A codeword is associated to a linearized polynomial. The weight distribution of the codewords is determined as the linearized polynomial varies in a family of fixed degree. There is a corresponding result on Wenger graphs from linearized…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-17 Haode Yan , Chunlei Liu

The observed output of an interferometer is the result of interference among the parts of the input light beam traveling along each possible optical path. In complex systems, writing down all these possible optical paths and computing their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 Bruno Melo , Igor Brandão , Carlos Tomei , Thiago Guerreiro

Given an edge-independent random graph G(n,p), we determine various facts about the cohomology of graph products of groups for the graph G(n,p). In particular, the random graph product of a sequence of finite groups is a rational duality…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Michael W. Davis , Matthew Kahle

We study the problem of enumerating the $k$-arc-connected orientations of a graph $G$, i.e., generating each exactly once. A first algorithm using submodular flow optimization is easy to state, but intricate to implement. In a second…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-29 Sarah Blind , Kolja Knauer , Petru Valicov

A multipath in a directed graph is a disjoint union of paths. The multipath complex of a directed graph ${\tt G}$ is the simplicial complex whose faces are the multipaths of ${\tt G}$. We compute the Euler characteristic, and associated…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-10 Luigi Caputi , Carlo Collari , Sabino Di Trani , Jason P. Smith

By a classic result of Gessel, the exponential generating functions for $k$-regular graphs are D-finite. Using Gr\"obner bases in Weyl algebras, we compute the linear differential equations satisfied by the generating function for 5-, 6-,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Frédéric Chyzak , Marni Mishna

We investigate the computational complexity of the graph primality testing problem with respect to the direct product (also known as Kronecker, cardinal or tensor product). In [1] Imrich proves that both primality testing and a unique prime…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Luca Calderoni , Luciano Margara , Moreno Marzolla

Given a graph $G$, the maximal induced subgraphs problem asks to enumerate all maximal induced subgraphs of $G$ that belong to a certain hereditary graph class. While its optimization version, known as the minimum vertex deletion problem in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Yixin Cao

We report about the results of the application of modern computer algebra tools for construction of directed strongly regular graphs. The suggested techniques are based on the investigation of non-commutative association schemes and Cayley…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-30 Štefan Gyürki , Mikhail Klin

We introduce a new class of auto-encoders for directed graphs, motivated by a direct extension of the Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm to pairs of node labels. The proposed model learns pairs of interpretable latent representations for the nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Georgios Kollias , Vasileios Kalantzis , Tsuyoshi Idé , Aurélie Lozano , Naoki Abe

We consider the degree-diameter problem for undirected and directed circulant graphs. To date, attempts to generate families of large circulant graphs of arbitrary degree for a given diameter have concentrated mainly on the diameter 2 case.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-13 David Bevan , Grahame Erskine , Robert Lewis

We consider the problem of placing arrow heads in directed graph drawings without them overlapping other drawn objects. This gives drawings where edge directions can be deduced unambiguously. We show hardness of the problem, present exact…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Carla Binucci , Markus Chimani , Walter Didimo , Giuseppe Liotta , Fabrizio Montecchiani