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In deep learning it is common to overparameterize neural networks, that is, to use more parameters than training samples. Quite surprisingly training the neural network via (stochastic) gradient descent leads to models that generalize very…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Hung-Hsu Chou , Johannes Maly , Holger Rauhut

We consider whether algorithmic choices in over-parameterized linear matrix factorization introduce implicit regularization. We focus on noiseless matrix sensing over rank-$r$ positive semi-definite (PSD) matrices in $\mathbb{R}^{n \times…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-16 Kelly Geyer , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Amir Kalev

Neural networks trained via gradient descent with random initialization and without any regularization enjoy good generalization performance in practice despite being highly overparametrized. A promising direction to explain this phenomenon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Hancheng Min , Salma Tarmoun , Rene Vidal , Enrique Mallada

We propose a new estimator for the high-dimensional linear regression model with observation error in the design where the number of coefficients is potentially larger than the sample size. The main novelty of our procedure is that the…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-09 Alexandre Belloni , Abhishek Kaul , Mathieu Rosenbaum

Many regularization schemes for high-dimensional regression have been put forward. Most require the choice of a tuning parameter, using model selection criteria or cross-validation schemes. We show that a simple non-negative or…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-02-07 Nicolai Meinshausen

Despite overparameterization, deep networks trained via supervised learning are easy to optimize and exhibit excellent generalization. One hypothesis to explain this is that overparameterized deep networks enjoy the benefits of implicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Aviral Kumar , Rishabh Agarwal , Tengyu Ma , Aaron Courville , George Tucker , Sergey Levine

We analyze gradient descent with randomly weighted data points in a linear regression model, under a generic weighting distribution. This includes various forms of stochastic gradient descent, importance sampling, but also extends to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-12 Gabriel Clara , Yazan Mash'al

We study theoretical properties of regularized robust M-estimators, applicable when data are drawn from a sparse high-dimensional linear model and contaminated by heavy-tailed distributions and/or outliers in the additive errors and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-05 Po-Ling Loh

While the Implicit Bias(or Implicit Regularization) of standard loss functions has been studied, the optimization geometry induced by discriminative metric-learning objectives remains largely unexplored.To the best of our knowledge, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jiawen Li

We consider networks, trained via stochastic gradient descent to minimize $\ell_2$ loss, with the training labels perturbed by independent noise at each iteration. We characterize the behavior of the training dynamics near any parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Guy Blanc , Neha Gupta , Gregory Valiant , Paul Valiant

We introduce a general framework for analyzing learning algorithms based on the notion of self-regularization, which captures implicit complexity control without requiring explicit regularization. This is motivated by previous observations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-19 Max Schölpple , Liu Fanghui , Ingo Steinwart

Establishing a theoretical analysis that explains why deep learning can outperform shallow learning such as kernel methods is one of the biggest issues in the deep learning literature. Towards answering this question, we evaluate excess…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-08 Taiji Suzuki , Shunta Akiyama

Deep neural networks with remarkably strong generalization performances are usually over-parameterized. Despite explicit regularization strategies are used for practitioners to avoid over-fitting, the impacts are often small. Some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Deren Lei , Zichen Sun , Yijun Xiao , William Yang Wang

Stochastic gradient descent procedures have gained popularity for parameter estimation from large data sets. However, their statistical properties are not well understood, in theory. And in practice, avoiding numerical instability requires…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-29 Panos Toulis , Edoardo M. Airoldi

Robust estimators for generalized linear models (GLMs) are not easy to develop due to the nature of the distributions involved. Recently, there has been growing interest in robust estimation methods, particularly in contexts involving a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Marina Valdora , Claudio Agostinelli

Understanding the implicit regularization (or implicit bias) of gradient descent has recently been a very active research area. However, the implicit regularization in nonlinear neural networks is still poorly understood, especially for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Gal Vardi , Ohad Shamir

In this paper, we study randomized reduction methods, which reduce high-dimensional features into low-dimensional space by randomized methods (e.g., random projection, random hashing), for large-scale high-dimensional classification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-21 Tianbao Yang , Lijun Zhang , Rong Jin , Shenghuo Zhu

Optimization with noisy gradients has become ubiquitous in statistics and machine learning. Reparameterization gradients, or gradient estimates computed via the "reparameterization trick," represent a class of noisy gradients often used in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-23 Andrew C. Miller , Nicholas J. Foti , Alexander D'Amour , Ryan P. Adams

Two different approaches exist to handle missing values for prediction: either imputation, prior to fitting any predictive algorithms, or dedicated methods able to natively incorporate missing values. While imputation is widely (and easily)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-01 Alexis Ayme , Claire Boyer , Aymeric Dieuleveut , Erwan Scornet

In this paper, we design a regularization-free algorithm for high-dimensional support vector machines (SVMs) by integrating over-parameterization with Nesterov's smoothing method, and provide theoretical guarantees for the induced implicit…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-27 Yang Sui , Xin He , Yang Bai