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We address the problem of learning binary decision trees that partition data for some downstream task. We propose to learn discrete parameters (i.e., for tree traversals and node pruning) and continuous parameters (i.e., for tree split…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Valentina Zantedeschi , Matt J. Kusner , Vlad Niculae

Decision trees (DTs) epitomize what have become to be known as interpretable machine learning (ML) models. This is informally motivated by paths in DTs being often much smaller than the total number of features. This paper shows that in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Yacine Izza , Alexey Ignatiev , Joao Marques-Silva

Humans are masters at quickly learning many complex tasks, relying on an approximate understanding of the dynamics of their environments. In much the same way, we would like our learning agents to quickly adapt to new tasks. In this paper,…

We consider the problem of learning classification trees that are robust to distribution shifts between training and testing/deployment data. This problem arises frequently in high stakes settings such as public health and social work where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Nathan Justin , Sina Aghaei , Andrés Gómez , Phebe Vayanos

Deep networks and decision forests (such as random forests and gradient boosted trees) are the leading machine learning methods for structured and tabular data, respectively. Many papers have empirically compared large numbers of…

In this paper, we propose a generic model transfer scheme to make Convlutional Neural Networks (CNNs) interpretable, while maintaining their high classification accuracy. We achieve this by building a differentiable decision forest on top…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Yilin Wang , Shaozuo Yu , Xiaokang Yang , Wei Shen

When using a tool, the grasps used for picking it up, reposing, and holding it in a suitable pose for the desired task could be distinct. Therefore, a key challenge for autonomous in-hand tool manipulation is finding a sequence of grasps…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Ethan K. Gordon , Rana Soltani Zarrin

The use of machine learning algorithms in finance, medicine, and criminal justice can deeply impact human lives. As a consequence, research into interpretable machine learning has rapidly grown in an attempt to better control and fix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Thibaut Vidal , Toni Pacheco , Maximilian Schiffer

Machine learning algorithms often assume that training samples are independent. When data points are connected by a network, the induced dependency between samples is both a challenge, reducing effective sample size, and an opportunity to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-22 Tiffany M. Tang , Elizaveta Levina , Ji Zhu

We propose a method to capture the handling abilities of fast jet pilots in a software model via reinforcement learning (RL) from human preference feedback. We use pairwise preferences over simulated flight trajectories to learn an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Tom Bewley , Jonathan Lawry , Arthur Richards

Neural networks (NNs) and decision trees (DTs) are both popular models of machine learning, yet coming with mutually exclusive advantages and limitations. To bring the best of the two worlds, a variety of approaches are proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Haoling Li , Jie Song , Mengqi Xue , Haofei Zhang , Jingwen Ye , Lechao Cheng , Mingli Song

Decision trees have been a very popular class of predictive models for decades due to their interpretability and good performance on categorical features. However, they are not always robust and tend to overfit the data. Additionally, if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Oktay Gunluk , Jayant Kalagnanam , Minhan Li , Matt Menickelly , Katya Scheinberg

With the rise of the digital economy and an explosion of available information about consumers, effective personalization of goods and services has become a core business focus for companies to improve revenues and maintain a competitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Zhaonan Qu , Isabella Qian , Zhengyuan Zhou

While deep neural networks (DNNs) have become a standard architecture for many machine learning tasks, their internal decision-making process and general interpretability is still poorly understood. Conversely, common decision trees are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Coenraad Mouton , Marelie H. Davel

While gradient descent has proven highly successful in learning connection weights for neural networks, the actual structure of these networks is usually determined by hand, or by other optimization algorithms. Here we describe a simple…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Thomas Miconi

Learning algorithms produce software models for realising critical classification tasks. Decision trees models are simpler than other models such as neural network and they are used in various critical domains such as the medical and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Tianqi Xiao , Omer Nguena Timo , Florent Avellaneda , Yasir Malik , Stefan Bruda

Traditional policy gradient methods are fundamentally flawed. Natural gradients converge quicker and better, forming the foundation of contemporary Reinforcement Learning such as Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 W. J. A. van Heeswijk

Decision trees are popular machine learning models that are simple to build and easy to interpret. Even though algorithms to learn decision trees date back to almost 50 years, key properties affecting their generalization error are still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Jean-Samuel Leboeuf , Frédéric LeBlanc , Mario Marchand

Deep models have advanced prediction in many domains, but their lack of interpretability remains a key barrier to the adoption in many real world applications. There exists a large body of work aiming to help humans understand these black…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Mike Wu , Sonali Parbhoo , Michael C. Hughes , Volker Roth , Finale Doshi-Velez

Sparse decision trees are one of the most common forms of interpretable models. While recent advances have produced algorithms that fully optimize sparse decision trees for prediction, that work does not address policy design, because the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Ali Behrouz , Mathias Lecuyer , Cynthia Rudin , Margo Seltzer