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General relativity (GR) predicts concordant trajectories for photons and gravitational waves (GW). We propose a new multi-messenger avenue (GW-CMB-CMB) to prove this aspect of fundamental physics by cross-correlating the GW signal of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-25 Suvodip Mukherjee , Benjamin D. Wandelt , Joseph Silk

The first detection of a binary neutron star merger through gravitational waves and photons marked the dawn of multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves, and it greatly increased our insight in different fields of astrophysics and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-01 Stefano Ascenzi , Gor Oganesyan , Marica Branchesi , Riccardo Ciolfi

We discuss astrophysical scenarios relevant to the generation of gravitational waves (GW) and effects expected to arise from the interaction of GW and electromagnetic (EM) radiation. A strong programme of coordinated GW and EM astrophysical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 G. Branduardi-Raymont , G. Ramsay , C. Wang , R. Bingham , J. T. Mendonca

As of today, we have directly detected exactly one source in both gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic (EM) radiation, the binary neutron star merger GW170817, its associated gamma-ray burst GRB170817A, and the subsequent kilonova…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-13 R. J. Foley , K. D. Alexander , I. Andreoni , I. Arcavi , K. Auchettl , J. Barnes , G. Baym , E. C. Bellm , A. M. Beloborodov , N. Blagorodnova , J. P. Blakeslee , P. R. Brady , M. Branchesi , J. S. Brown , N. Butler , M. Cantiello , R. Chornock , D. O. Cook , J. Cooke , D. L. Coppejans , A. Corsi , S. M. Couch , M. W. Coughlin , D. A. Coulter , P. S. Cowperthwaite , T. Dietrich , G. Dimitriadis , M. R. Drout , J. H. Elias , B. Farr , R. Fernandez , A. V. Filippenko , W. Fong , T. Fragos , D. A. Frail , W. L. Freedman , C. L. Fryer , V. Z. Golkhou , D. Hiramatsu , J. Hjorth , A. Horesh , G. Hosseinzadeh , K. Hotokezaka , D. A. Howell , T. Hung , D. O. Jones , V. Kalogera , D. Kasen , W. E. Kerzendorf , C. D. Kilpatrick , R. P. Kirshner , K. Krisciunas , J. M. Lattimer , D. Lazzati , A. J. Levan , A. I. MacFadyen , K. Maeda , I. Mandel , K. S. Mandel , B. Margalit , R. Margutti , J. McIver , B. D. Metzger , K. Mooley , T. Moriya , A. Murguia-Berthier , G. Narayan , M. Nicholl , S. Nissanke , K. Nomoto , J. M. O'Meara , R. O'Shaughnessy , E. O'Connor , A. Palmese , Y. -C. Pan , C. Pankow , K. Paterson , D. A. Perley , R. Perna , A. L. Piro , T. A. Pritchard , E. Quataert , D. Radice , E. Ramirez-Ruiz , S. Reddy , A. Rest , A. G. Riess , C. L. Rodriguez , C. Rojas-Bravo , E. M. Rossi , S. Rosswog , M. Ruiz , S. L. Shapiro , D. H. Shoemaker , M. R. Siebert , D. M. Siegel , K. Siellez , N. Smith , M. Soares-Santos , N. B. Suntzeff , R. Surman , M. Tanaka , N. R. Tanvir , G. Terreran , S. Valenti , V. A. Villar , L. Wang , S. A. Webb , J. C. Wheeler , P. K. G. Williams , S. Woosley , M. Zaldarriaga , M. Zevin

Gravitational wave (GW) experiments have transformed our understanding of the Universe by enabling direct observations of compact object mergers and other astrophysical phenomena. This chapter reviews the concepts of GW detectors, such as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-02 Elisa Bigongiari , Matteo Di Giovanni , Giovanni Losurdo

Continuous gravitational waves from rapidly rotating neutron stars are on the new frontiers of gravitational wave astrophysics and have strong connections to electromagnetic astronomy, nuclear astrophysics, and condensed matter physics. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-13 Benjamin J. Owen

The coming decades will see gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy expand decisively into the mHz-Hz frequency range, opening access to a population of compact binaries that are currently invisible or only detectable moments before merger. The…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 F. Patat , S. Piranomonte , S. Benetti , A. Bonforte , R. Della Ceca , G. Di Rico , A. Frigeri , J. Harms , M. Olivieri , A. Perali , P. Severgnini , A. Stallone , the LGWA Collaboration

The direct detection of gravitational waves by ground-based interferometers opened an unprecedented channel to probe alternative theories of gravitation. Several theories predict a dispersion of the gravitational waves during their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-30 Leïla Haegel

The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) has led to a deeper understanding of binaries of ordinary astrophysical objects, including neutron stars and black holes. In this work, we point out that binary systems may also exist in a dark…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-22 Yang Bai , Sida Lu , Nicholas Orlofsky

In this paper we provide a short overview of the scope and strong future potential of a multi-messenger approach to gravitational-wave astronomy, that seeks to optimally combine gravtitational wave and electromagnetic observations. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-22 XiLong Fan , Martin Hendry

During the final moments of a binary black hole (BH) merger, the gravitational wave (GW) luminosity of the system is greater than the combined electromagnetic output of the entire observable universe. However, the extremely weak coupling…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 Jeremy D. Schnittman

Next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are expected to detect millions of binary black hole mergers during their operation period. A small fraction ($\sim 0.1 - 1\%$) of them will be strongly lensed by intervening…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-13 Souvik Jana , Shasvath J. Kapadia , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Surhud More , Parameswaran Ajith

Multimessenger astronomy incorporating gravitational radiation is a new and exciting field that will potentially provide significant results and exciting challenges in the near future. With advanced interferometric gravitational wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-13 N. L. Christensen

The Einstein Telescope (ET) is going to bring a revolution for the future of multi-messenger astrophysics. In order to detect the counterparts of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers at high redshift, the high-energy observations will play a…

In light of the recent dazzling discovery of GW170817, we discuss several new scientific opportunities that would emerge in multi-messenger time-domain astrophysics if a facility like the next generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) were to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-18 Alessandra Corsi , Dale A. Frail , Davide Lazzati , Dario Carbone , Eric J. Murphy , Benjamin J. Owen , David J. Sand , Richard O'Shaughnessy

The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) has provided a new tool to study the Universe, with the scientific return enriched when combined with established probes: electromagnetic (EM) radiation and energetic particles. Since the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-25 Matt Nicholl , Igor Andreoni

The discovery of GW170817 with gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic (EM) radiation is prompting new questions in strong-gravity astrophysics. Importantly, it remains unknown whether the progenitor of the merger comprised two…

Multi-messenger astronomy combining Gravitational Wave (GW) and Electromagnetic Wave (EM) observation brings huge impact on physics, astrophysics and cosmology. However, the majority of sources to be detected with currently running…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-16 Shu-Xu Yi , K. S. Cheng

The new millennium will see the upcoming of several ground-based interferometric gravitational wave antennas. Within the next decade a space-based antenna may also begin to observe the distant Universe. These gravitational wave detectors…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 B. S. Sathyaprakash