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Humidity control is a crucial element for a wide variety of experiments. Yet, often naive methods are used that do not yield stable regulation of the humidity, are slow, or are inflexible. PID-based electropneumatic humidistats solve these…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-04-05 Lars B. Veldscholte , Sissi de Beer

How difficult can it be to implement a PID controller? The answer is twofold. Implementing the PID control law is simple and computationally inexpensive. However, this basic form will not work in practical applications. The primary reason…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-07 E. Sundström , M. Bauer , J. L. Guzmán , T. Hägglund , K. Soltesz

In this paper, modification of the classical PID controller and development of open-loop control mechanisms to improve stability and robustness of a differential wheeled robot are discussed. To deploy the algorithm, a test platform has been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Samet Oguten , Bilal Kabas

Turbidity is a physical property related to the scattering of light by particles that are suspended in a liquid. Commercial turbidimeters are priced at the range of hundreds to thousands of dollars. Considering this scenario, it is proposed…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-06-18 Luis C. Sperandio , Murilo S. Colombo , Cid M. G. Andrade , Caliane B. B. Costa

We developed a simple, flexible, low-cost, and computer-controlled cryogenic temperature measurement system for undergraduate instructional laboratories. An Arduino microcontroller board measures the voltage across a silicon diode to…

Physics Education · Physics 2020-01-29 Woong Sung Lee

In this paper, our objective is to design, build, and verify a closed-loop environmental control system tailored for small-scale agriculture applications. This project aims to develop a low-cost, safety-critical embedded solution using the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Irisha M. Goswami , D. G. Perera

This paper presents the design and development of a low cost Data Acquisition System (DAS) using PIC12F675 microcontroller for real time temperature and humidity monitoring. The designed DAS has 4 analog input channels having 10-bit…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-07-17 Nungleppam Monoranjan Singh , Kanak Chandra Sarma

The current performances of single-board microcontrollers render them attractive not only for basic applications but also for more elaborate projects, amongst which physics teaching or research. In this article, we show how…

In optical experiments, shutters are devices that open or close a path of light. They are often used to limit the duration of light exposure onto a target or onto a detector in order to reduce possible light-induced damage. Many commercial…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-13 Mathias S. Fischer , Martin C. Fischer

This paper explains the integration process of an autonomous quadcopter platform and the design of Arduino based novel software architecture that enables the execution of advanced control laws on low-cost off-the-shelf products based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-08-21 Ankyda Ji , Kamran Turkoglu

Air quality and the presence of tiny particular matter are crucial factors in human health, especially when considering urban scenarios. In this context, smart mobility coupled with low-cost sensors can create a distributed and sustainable…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Stefan Ciprian Voinea , Armir Bujari , Claudio Enrico Palazzi

Many large accelerator facilities have adopted the open-source EPICS software as the quasi-industry standard for control systems. They typically have access to their own electronics laboratory and dedicated personnel for control system…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-08-03 Philip Weigel , Monica Busza , Abutalib Namazov , Janette Park , Joshua Villarreal , Loyd H. Waites , Daniel Winklehner

Smart meters are an enabling technology for many smart grid applications. This paper introduces a design for a low-cost smart meter system as well as the fundamentals of smart metering. The smart meter platform, provided as open hardware,…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-09-12 Christoph Klemenjak , Dominik Egarter , Wilfried Elmenreich

It is shown that the "intelligent" controllers which are associated to the recently introduced model-free control synthesis may be easily implemented on cheap and small programmable devices. Several successful numerical experiments are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-07-19 Cédric Join , Frédéric Chaxel , Michel Fliess

Arduino microcontrollers are electronic devices that can be used in physics experiments, and they are both affordable and readily available in comparison to other experimental sets. Students in high school and college can acquire valuable…

Physics Education · Physics 2023-01-31 Atakan Coban , Ercument Akat , Ahmet Cem Erdogan

The control of acidity influences the structural assembly of biopolymers that are essential for a wide range of applications. Its miniaturization can increase the speed and the possibilities of combinatorial throughput for their…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-08-08 Divya Balakrishnan , Wouter Olthuis , César Pascual-García

Model predictive control of residential air conditioning could reduce energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining or improving occupants' thermal comfort. However, most approaches to predictive air conditioning control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Elias N. Pergantis , Parveen Dhillon , Levi D. Reyes Premer , Alex H. Lee , Davide Ziviani , Kevin J. Kircher

Air pollution remains a major global issue that seriously impacts public health, environmental quality, and ultimately human health. To help monitor problem, we have created and constructed a low-cost, real-time, portable air quality…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 S M Minhazur Rahman , Md. Amrin Ibna Hasnath , Rifatul Islam , Ahmed Faizul Haque Dhrubo , Mohammad Abdul Qayum

We tune one of the most common heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) control loops, namely the temperature control of a room. For economical and environmental reasons, it is of prime importance to optimize the performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Marcello Fiducioso , Sebastian Curi , Benedikt Schumacher , Markus Gwerder , Andreas Krause

As a part of this project, we have developed an IoT-based instrument utilizing the NODE MCU-ESP8266 module, MQ135 gas sensor, and DHT-11 sensor for measuring CO$_2$ levels in parts per million (ppm), temperature, and humidity. The…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Abhiroop Sarkar , Debayan Ghosh , Kinshuk Ganguly , Snehal Ghosh , Subhajit Saha
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