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Deep neural networks (DNNs) are successful in many computer vision tasks. However, the most accurate DNNs require millions of parameters and operations, making them energy, computation and memory intensive. This impedes the deployment of…

Recent breakthroughs suggest that local, approximate gradient descent learning is compatible with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). Although SNNs can be scalably implemented using neuromorphic VLSI, an architecture that can learn in-situ as…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are being explored for their potential energy efficiency resulting from sparse, event-driven computations. Many recent works have demonstrated effective backpropagation for deep Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs)…

Gradient descent (GD) methods for the training of artificial neural networks (ANNs) belong nowadays to the most heavily employed computational schemes in the digital world. Despite the compelling success of such methods, it remains an open…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise low-power event-driven computation for temporally rich tasks, but commonly used neuron models often trade off gradient-based trainability, dynamical richness, and high activity sparsity. These…

Large-scale distributed training of deep neural networks results in models with worse generalization performance as a result of the increase in the effective mini-batch size. Previous approaches attempt to address this problem by varying…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a class of deep neural networks that are trained, using automatic differentiation, to compute the response of systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). The training of PINNs is…

Stochastic gradient descent~(SGD) and its variants have been the dominating optimization methods in machine learning. Compared to SGD with small-batch training, SGD with large-batch training can better utilize the computational power of…

In many cases, the computing resources are limited without the benefit from GPU, especially in the edge devices of IoT enabled systems. It may not be easy to implement complex AI models in edge devices. The Universal Approximation Theorem…

Neural networks are a group of neurons stacked together in multiple layers to mimic the biological neurons in a human brain. Neural networks have been trained using the backpropagation algorithm based on gradient descent strategy for…

A common problem with segmentation of medical images using neural networks is the difficulty to obtain a significant number of pixel-level annotated data for training. To address this issue, we proposed a semi-supervised segmentation…

Despite transformers being considered as the new standard in computer vision, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) still outperform them in low-data regimes. Nonetheless, CNNs often make decisions based on narrow, specific regions of input…

Recent studies have shown that synaptic unreliability is a robust and sufficient mechanism for inducing the stochasticity observed in cortex. Here, we introduce Synaptic Sampling Machines, a class of neural network models that uses synaptic…

The success of deep neural networks hinges on our ability to accurately and efficiently optimize high-dimensional, non-convex functions. In this paper, we empirically investigate the loss functions of state-of-the-art networks, and how…

Deep neural networks (DNN) has received increasing attention in machine learning applications in the last several years. Recently, a non-asymptotic error bound has been developed to measure the performance of the fully connected DNN…

Consistency training is a popular method to improve deep learning models in computer vision and natural language processing. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable performance in a variety of network science learning tasks,…

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the workhorse algorithm of deep learning technology. At each step of the training phase, a mini batch of samples is drawn from the training dataset and the weights of the neural network are adjusted…

In this paper, we investigate the decentralized statistical inference problem, where a network of agents cooperatively recover a (structured) vector from private noisy samples without centralized coordination. Existing optimization-based…

As an important class of spiking neural networks (SNNs), recurrent spiking neural networks (RSNNs) possess great computational power and have been widely used for processing sequential data like audio and text. However, most RSNNs suffer…

Large-scale supervised classification algorithms, especially those based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), require vast amounts of training data to achieve state-of-the-art performance. Decreasing this data requirement would…