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Existing coordinated cyber-attack detection methods have low detection accuracy and efficiency and poor generalization ability due to difficulties dealing with unbalanced attack data samples, high data dimensionality, and noisy data sets.…
Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) protect major hazard facilities, e.g. power plants, against catastrophic accidents. An SIS consists of hardware components and a controller software -- the ``program''. Current safety analyses of SIS'…
We study how large functional networks can grow stably under possible cascading overload failures and evaluated the maximum stable network size above which even a small-scale failure would cause a fatal breakdown of the network. Employing a…
The increasing complexity and interdependency of today's networks highlight the importance of studying network robustness to failure and attacks. Many large-scale networks are prone to cascading effects where a limited number of initial…
In the risk assessment of cascading outages, the rationality of simulation and efficiency of computation are both of great significance. To overcome the drawback of sampling-based methods that huge computation resources are required and the…
Many systems, ranging from engineering to medical to societal, can only be properly characterized by multiple interdependent networks whose normal functioning depends on one another. Failure of a fraction of nodes in one network may lead to…
The purpose of this study is the representation of Common Cause Failures (CCF) in large digital systems. The system under study is representative of a control system of a nuclear plant. The model for CCF is the generalized Atwood model. It…
Cascade failures in power grids occur when the failure of one component or subsystem causes a chain reaction of failures in other components or subsystems, ultimately leading to a widespread blackout or outage. Controlling cascade failures…
The fragility of financial systems was starkly demonstrated in early 2023 through a cascade of major bank failures in the United States, including the second, third, and fourth largest collapses in the US history. The highly interdependent…
Critical observability is a property of cyber-physical systems to detect whether the current state belongs to a set of critical states. In safety-critical applications, critical states model operations that may be unsafe or of a particular…
This paper proposes a cascading failure mitigation strategy based on Reinforcement Learning (RL). The motivation of the Multi-Stage Cascading Failure (MSCF) problem and its connection with the challenge of climate change are introduced. The…
Modern power systems have begun integrating synchrophasor technologies into part of daily operations. Given the amount of solutions offered and the maturity rate of application development it is not a matter of "if" but a matter of "when"…
This paper introduces a novel learning-based Stochastic Hybrid System (LSHS) approach for detecting and classifying various contingencies in modern power systems. Specifically, the proposed method is capable of identifying hidden…
Large but rare cascades triggered by small initial shocks are present in most of the infrastructure networks. Here we present a simple model for cascading failures based on the dynamical redistribution of the flow on the network. We show…
Here we develop an approach to predict power grid weak points, and specifically to efficiently identify the most probable failure modes in static load distribution for a given power network. This approach is applied to two examples: Guam's…
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) underpin the United States' critical infrastructure, managing essential services such as power, water, and transportation that are vital to national security and public safety. However, increasing digital…
Cascading failures in power systems caused by sequential tripping of components are a serious concern as they can lead to complete or partial shutdowns, disrupting vital services and causing damage and inconvenience. In prior work, we…
This paper presents the results of a research study related to software system failures, with the goal of understanding how we might better evolve, maintain and support software systems in production. We have qualitatively analyzed thirty…
Electric power delivery relies on a communications backbone that must be secure. SCADA systems are essential to critical grid functions and include industrial control systems (ICS) protocols such as the Distributed Network Protocol-3…
In this paper, we propose an AC power flow based cascading failure model that explicitly considers external weather conditions, extreme temperatures in particular, and evaluates the impact of extreme temperature on the initiation and…