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Magnetocrystalline anisotropy is a fundamental property of magnetic materials that determines the dynamics of magnetic precession, the frequency of spin waves, the thermal stability of magnetic domains, and the efficiency of spintronic…
Brain activation mapping using functional MRI (fMRI) based on blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast has been conventionally focused on probing gray matter, the BOLD contrast in white matter having been generally disregarded.…
As a prototypical half-metallic ferromagnet, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) has been extensively studied due to its versatile physical properties and great potential in spintronic applications. However, the weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy…
Diffusion-based image generative models produce high-fidelity images through iterative denoising but remain vulnerable to memorization, where they unintentionally reproduce exact copies or parts of training images. Recent memorization…
The matched filter (MF) is one of the most popular and reliable techniques to the detect signals of known structure and amplitude smaller than the level of the contaminating noise. Under the assumption of stationary Gaussian noise, MF…
Density functional theory (DFT), including its extensions designed to treat strongly correlated localized electron systems such as DFT+$U$ and DFT+dynamical mean field theory, has proven exceedingly useful in studying the magnetic…
Computational models of biophysical tissue properties have been widely used in diffusion MRI (dMRI) research to elucidate the link between microstructural properties and MR signal formation. For brain tissue, the research community has…
W-band ({\nu} ca. 94 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used for a single-crystal study of a star-shaped Fe3Cr single-molecule magnet (SMM) with crystallographically imposed trigonal symmetry. The high resolution…
Image denoising and image segmentation play essential roles in image processing. Partial differential equations (PDE)-based methods have proven to show reliable results when incorporated in both denoising and segmentation of images. In our…
The nature of low-impurity ferromagnetism remains a challenging problem in the solid-state community due to the strong dependence of magnetic properties on composition, concentration, and structural geometry of diluted alloys. To address…
Observations from the first flight of the Medium Scale Anisotropy Measurement (MSAM) are analyzed to place limits on Gaussian fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR). This instrument chops a 30\arcmin\ beam in a 3…
The origin of the interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) induced in the ultrathin Fe layer on the Au(111) surface was examined using synchrotron-radiation-based M\"{o}ssbauer spectroscopy (MS), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism…
Using stochastic conformal mappings we study the effects of anisotropic perturbations on diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) in two dimensions. The harmonic measure of the growth probability for DLA can be conformally mapped onto a constant…
We report magneto-crystalline anisotropy (MCA) calculations of Fe, Co and Ni slabs of various thicknesses and crystallographic orientations from two Density Functional Theory codes based either on a plane wave or a local atomic basis set…
Models of diffusion MRI within a voxel are useful for making inferences about the properties of the tissue and inferring fiber orientation distribution used by tractography algorithms. A useful model must fit the data accurately. However,…
We describe a first principles method to calculate scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images, and compare the results to well-characterized experiments combining STM with atomic force microscopy (AFM). The theory is based on density…
The generation of Synthetic Computed Tomography (sCT) images has become a pivotal methodology in modern clinical practice, particularly in the context of Radiotherapy (RT) treatment planning. The use of sCT enables the calculation of doses,…
We present two versatile methods to generally enhance self-supervised monocular depth estimation (MDE) models. The high generalizability of our methods is achieved by solving the fundamental and ubiquitous problems in photometric loss…
Super-resolution microscopy normally requiring complex and cumbersome optics is not applicable for in situ imaging through a narrow channel. Here, we demonstrate single hair-thin multimode fiber (MMF) endoscope (less than 250 ${\mu}m$) for…
How to effectively remove the noise while preserving the image structure features is a challenging issue in the field of image denoising. In recent years, fractional PDE based methods have attracted more and more research efforts due to the…