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Language-conditioned robot manipulation is an emerging field aimed at enabling seamless communication and cooperation between humans and robotic agents by teaching robots to comprehend and execute instructions conveyed in natural language.…

Prompt engineering has emerged as a powerful technique for guiding large language models (LLMs) toward desired responses, significantly enhancing their performance across diverse tasks. Beyond their role as static predictors, LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Ryumei Nakada , Wenlong Ji , Tianxi Cai , James Zou , Linjun Zhang

It is crucial to efficiently execute instructions such as "Find an apple and a banana" or "Get ready for a field trip," which require searching for multiple objects or understanding context-dependent commands. This study addresses the…

Humans generally use natural language to communicate task requirements to each other. Ideally, natural language should also be usable for communicating goals to autonomous machines (e.g., robots) to minimize friction in task specification.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Li Zhou , Kevin Small

Imitation can allow us to quickly gain an understanding of a new task. Through a demonstration, we can gain direct knowledge about which actions need to be performed and which goals they have. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Josua Spisak , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

One of the long-term challenges of robotics is to enable robots to interact with humans in the visual world via natural language, as humans are visual animals that communicate through language. Overcoming this challenge requires the ability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Yuankai Qi , Qi Wu , Peter Anderson , Xin Wang , William Yang Wang , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Reinforcement learning is a promising framework for solving control problems, but its use in practical situations is hampered by the fact that reward functions are often difficult to engineer. Specifying goals and tasks for autonomous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Justin Fu , Anoop Korattikara , Sergey Levine , Sergio Guadarrama

The visual world is very rich and generally too complex to perceive in its entirety. Yet only certain features are typically required to adequately perform some task in a given situation. Rather than hardwire-in decisions about when and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Jonathan Connell

Learning from human involvement aims to incorporate the human subject to monitor and correct agent behavior errors. Although most interactive imitation learning methods focus on correcting the agent's action at the current state, they do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Haoyuan Cai , Zhenghao Peng , Bolei Zhou

Humans readily generalize, applying prior knowledge to novel situations and stimuli. Advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence have begun to approximate and even surpass human performance, but machine systems reliably…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Leonidas A. A. Doumas , Guillermo Puebla , Andrea E. Martin

When humans conceive how to perform a particular task, they do so hierarchically: splitting higher-level tasks into smaller sub-tasks. However, in the literature on natural language (NL) command of situated agents, most works have treated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Shuyan Zhou , Pengcheng Yin , Graham Neubig

Traditional control and planning for robotic manipulation heavily rely on precise physical models and predefined action sequences. While effective in structured environments, such approaches often fail in real-world scenarios due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jin Wang , Weijie Wang , Boyuan Deng , Heng Zhang , Rui Dai , Nikos Tsagarakis

As robots become increasingly integrated into open-world, human-centered environments, their ability to interpret natural language instructions and adhere to safety constraints is critical for effective and trustworthy interaction. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zeyuan Feng , Haimingyue Zhang , Somil Bansal

Intrinsically motivated goal exploration algorithms enable machines to discover repertoires of policies that produce a diversity of effects in complex environments. These exploration algorithms have been shown to allow real world robots to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Alexandre Péré , Sébastien Forestier , Olivier Sigaud , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Robotic systems are more present in our society everyday. In human-robot environments, it is crucial that end-users may correctly understand their robotic team-partners, in order to collaboratively complete a task. To increase action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Francisco Cruz , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Ithan Moreira

We pursue the goal of developing robots that can interact zero-shot with generic unseen objects via a diverse repertoire of manipulation skills and show how passive human videos can serve as a rich source of data for learning such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Homanga Bharadhwaj , Abhinav Gupta , Vikash Kumar , Shubham Tulsiani

To facilitate the wider adoption of robotics, accessible programming tools are required for non-experts. Observational learning enables intuitive human skills transfer through hands-on demonstrations, but relying solely on visual input can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Elena Merlo , Marta Lagomarsino , Arash Ajoudani

In this paper we present a formal computational framework for modeling manipulation actions. The introduced formalism leads to semantics of manipulation action and has applications to both observing and understanding human manipulation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Yezhou Yang , Yiannis Aloimonos , Cornelia Fermuller , Eren Erdal Aksoy

Large language models (LLMs) have displayed an impressive ability to harness natural language to perform complex tasks. In this work, we explore whether we can leverage this learned ability to find and explain patterns in data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Chandan Singh , John X. Morris , Jyoti Aneja , Alexander M. Rush , Jianfeng Gao