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We present a conspicuous number of indefinite integrals involving Heun functions and their products obtained by means of the Lagrangian formulation of a general homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation. As a by-product we also…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-07-24 Davide Batic , Omar Forrest , Marek Nowakowski

Just as with the Gauss hypergeometric function, particular cases of the local Heun function can be Liouvillian (that is, "elementary") functions. One way to obtain these functions is by pull-back transformations of Gauss hypergeometric…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-02-05 Raimundas Vidunas

The Heun's equation is the Fuchsian equation of second order with four regular singularities. Heun functions generalize well-known special functions such as Spheroidal Wave, Lam\'{e}, Mathieu, hypergeometric-type functions, etc. The…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-02-07 Yoon-Seok Choun

We derive a concise closed-form solution for a linear three-term recurrence relation. Such recurrence relations are very common in the quantitative sciences, and describe finite difference schemes, solutions to problems in Markov processes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-27 James Holehouse

We review different methods of generating potentials such that the one-dimensional Schr\"{o}dinger equation (ODSE) can be transformed into the hypergeometric equation. We compare our results with previous studies, and complement the subject…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Davide Batic , Runako Williams , Marek Nowakowski

Heun differential equations are the most general second order Fuchsian equations with four regular singularities. An explicit integral series representation of Heun functions involving only elementary integrands has hitherto been unknown…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-06-06 P. -L. Giscard , A. Tamar

Since the advent of quantum mechanics different approaches to find analytical solutions of the Schr\"odinger equation have been successfully developed. Here we follow and generalize the approach pioneered by Natanzon and others by which the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 D. Batic , D. Mills-Howell , M. Nowakowski

This is a study of terminating and ill-defined Gauss hypergeometric functions. Corresponding hypergeometric equations have a degenerate set of of 24 Kummer's solutions. We describe those solutions and relations between them.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-10-04 Raimundas Vidunas

Hypergeometric solutions to seven q-Painlev\'e equations in Sakai's classification are constructed. Geometry of plane curves is used to reduce the q-Painlev\'e equations to the three-term recurrence relations for q-hypergeometric functions.

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Kenji Kajiwara , Tetsu Masuda , Masatoshi Noumi , Yasuhiro Ohta , Yasuhiko Yamada

We develop a theory for the Hermite-Krichever Ansatz on the Heun equation. As a byproduct, we find formulae which reduce hyperelliptic integrals to elliptic ones.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kouichi Takemura

The present article reveals important properties of the confluent Heun's functions. We derive a set of novel relations for confluent Heun's functions and their derivatives of arbitrary order. Specific new subclasses of confluent Heun's…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Plamen P. Fiziev

We investigate the integral representations of solutions to the variant of $q$-hypergeometric equation of degree 2 obtained through $q$-middle convolution by using transformation formulas for $q$-hypergeometric series. We show the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Yumi Arai

The Heun function generalizes all well-known special functions such as Spheroidal Wave, Lame, Mathieu, and hypergeometric_2F_1,_1F_1 and_0F_1 functions. Heun functions are applicable to diverse areas such as theory of black holes, lattice…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-02-18 Yoon Seok Choun

We consider the non-stationary Heun equation, also known as quantum Painlev\'e VI, which has appeared in different works on quantum integrable models and conformal field theory. We use a generalized kernel function identity to transform the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-02-19 Farrokh Atai , Edwin Langmann

In this article, we express solutions of the Gauss hypergeometric equation as a series of the multiple polylogarithms by using iterated integral. This representation is the most simple case of a semisimple representation of solutions of the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2008-10-13 Shu Oi

Using an algebraic method for solving the wave equation in quantum mechanics, we encountered a new class of orthogonal polynomials on the real line. It consists of a four-parameter polynomial with continuous spectrum on the whole real line…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-06-20 A. D. Alhaidari

The Painleve-IV equation has three families of rational solutions generated by the generalized Hermite polynomials. Each family is indexed by two positive integers m and n. These functions have applications to nonlinear wave equations,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-06-29 Robert Buckingham

The confluent hypergeometric equation, also known as Kummer's equation, is one of the most important differential equations in physics, chemistry, and engineering. Its two power series solutions are the Kummer function, M(a,b,z), often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-13 W. N. Mathews , M. A. Esrick , Z. Y. Teoh , J. K. Freericks

In the paper we deal with the Heun functions --- solutions of the Heun equation, which is the most general Fuchsian equation of second order with four regular singular points. Despite the increasing interest to the equation and numerous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-12 Oleg V. Motygin

We give a list of Heun equations which are Picard-Fuchs associated to families of algebraic varieties. Our list is based on the classification of families of elliptic curves with four singular fibers done by Herfurtner. We also show that…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-04-18 Hossein Movasati , Stefan Reiter