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Single-particle heat engines at atomic and colloidal scales obey the universal thermodynamic bounds on work and efficiency. Here, we translate these principles to the macroscale by building an athermal Stirling engine whose working medium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-15 Niloyendu Roy , Pragya Arora , A K Sood , Rajesh Ganapathy

We investigate a quantum heat engine with a working substance of two particles, one with a spin $1/2$ and the other with an arbitrary spin (spin $s$), coupled by Heisenberg exchange interaction, and subject to an external magnetic field.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-07 Ferdi Altintas , Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu

Stochastic thermodynamics lays down a broad framework to revisit the venerable concepts of heat, work and entropy production for individual stochastic trajectories of mesoscopic systems. Remarkably, this approach, relying on stochastic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-31 David Guéry-Odelin , Christopher Jarzynski , Carlos A. Plata , Antonio Prados , Emmanuel Trizac

Many types of molecular motors have been proposed and synthesized in recent years, displaying different kinds of motion, and fueled by different driving forces such as light, heat, or chemical reactions. We propose a new type of molecular…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Johannes S. Seldenthuis , Ferry Prins , Joseph M. Thijssen , Herre S. J. van der Zant

Developments in the thermodynamics of small quantum systems envisage non-classical thermal machines. In this scenario, energy fluctuations play a relevant role in the description of irreversibility. We experimentally implement a quantum…

Many combinatorial optimization problems can be mapped to finding the ground states of the corresponding Ising Hamiltonians. The physical systems that can solve optimization problems in this way, namely Ising machines, have been attracting…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Tianshi Wang , Jaijeet Roychowdhury

We review the properties of electron shuttles, i.e. nanoelectromechanical devices that transport electrons one-by-one by utilizing a combination of electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom. We focus on the extreme quantum limit, where…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. P. Jauho , C. Flindt , Tomas Novotny , Andrea Donarini

Optical tweezers can confine position as well as orientation of a Brownian particle by simultaneously exerting restoring force and torque on it. Here we have proposed the theoretical model of a microscopic Stirling engine, using a passive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-26 Soham Dutta , Arnab Saha

In a quantum Stirling heat engine, the heat exchanged with two thermal baths is partly utilized for performing work by redistributing the energy levels of the working substance. We analyze the thermodynamics of a quantum Stirling engine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Debmalya Das , George Thomas , Andrew N. Jordan

We study the thermodynamic performance of the finite-time non-regenerative Stirling cycle used as a quantum heat engine. We consider specifically the case in which the working substance (WS) is a two-level system. The Stirling cycle is made…

Miniaturized heat engines constitutes a fascinating field of current research. They are being studied theoretically as well as experimentally, with experiments involving colloidal particles and harmonic traps and even bacterial baths acting…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-04 Debarshi Basu , Joydip Nandi , A. M. Jayannavar , Rahul Marathe

We study the unitary time evolution of a simple quantum Hamiltonian describing a heat engine coupled to two heat baths. The engine is modeled as a three-level system. Each heat bath consists of a single harmonic oscillator. The engine is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-06-27 Winny O'Kelly de Galway , Jan Naudts

A thermal current, generated by a temperature gradient between two reservoirs coupled to a carefully designed photonic or (micro-) electromechanical circuit, might induce non-conservative forces that impulse a mechanical degree of freedom…

We analyze an autonomous thermoelectric engine composed of two superconducting qubits coupled to separate heat baths and connected by a Josephson junction. Work and heat are process quantities and not observables of the engine quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-22 Katerina Verteletsky , Klaus Moelmer

Isothermal information engines operate by extracting net work from a single heat bath through measurement and feedback control. In this work, we analyze a realistic active Szilard engine operating on a single active particle by means of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-15 Luca Cocconi , Paolo Malgaretti , Holger Stark

Soft heat engines are poised to play a vital role in future soft robots due to their easy integration into soft structures and low-voltage power requirements. Recent works have demonstrated soft heat engines relying on liquid-to-gas phase…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Charles Xiao , Luke F. Gockowski , Bolin Liao , Megan T. Valentine , Elliot W. Hawkes

When a reciprocating heat engine is started it eventually settles to a stable mode of operation. The approach of a first principle quantum heat engine toward this stable limit cycle is studied. The engine is based on a working medium…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Tova Feldmann , Ronnie Kosloff

Optimization of cyclic stochastic heat engines, a topic spanning decades of research, commonly assumes fixed control or response parameters at discrete points in the cycle-a limitation that often leads to experimentally impractical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-02 Monojit Chatterjee , Viktor Holubec , Rahul Marathe

We propose a recipe for demonstrating an autonomous quantum heat engine where the working fluid consists of a harmonic oscillator, the frequency of which is tuned by a driving mode. The working fluid is coupled two heat reservoirs each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-09 Miika Rasola , Mikko Möttönen

Optimisation of heat engines at the micro-scale has applications in biological and artificial nano-technology, and stimulates theoretical research in non-equilibrium statistical physics. Here we consider non-interacting overdamped particles…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-02 Giulia Gronchi , Andrea Puglisi