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A set $A$ of positive integers is said to be Schreier if either $A = \emptyset$ or $\min A\ge |A|$. We give a bijective map to prove the recurrence of the sequence $(|\mathcal{K}_{n, p, q}|)_{n=1}^\infty$ (for fixed $p\ge 1$ and $q\ge 2$),…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-08 Hung Viet Chu

We consider $m$-th order linear recurrences that can be thought of as generalizations of the Lucas sequence. We exploit some interplay with matrices that again can be considered generalizations of the Fibonacci matrix. We introduce the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mario Catalani

Let $\beta$ be a non-unit real algebraic integer greater than one and $\{a_{n}\}_{n \geq 0}$ be a sequence satisfying a linear recurrence relation $a_{n+3}=aa_{n+2}+ba_{n+1}+ca_{n}$. Under certain conditions, we prove that the number of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Ruofan Li

We survey and prove properties a family of recurrences bears in relation to integer representations, compositions, the Pascal triangle, sums of digits, Nim games and Beatty sequences.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-04-17 Christian Ballot

Zeckendorf proved that every positive integer can be expressed as the sum of non-consecutive Fibonacci numbers. This theorem inspired a beautiful game, the Zeckendorf Game. Two players begin with $n \ 1$'s and take turns applying rules…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-09-05 Steven J. Miller , Alexandra Newlon

The convolved Fibonacci numbers F_j^(r) are defined by (1-z-z^2)^{-r}=\sum_{j>=0}F_{j+1}^(r)z^j. In this note some related numbers that can be expressed in terms of convolved Fibonacci numbers are considered. These numbers appear in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Pieter Moree

For an integer $ k\geq 2 $, let $ \{F^{(k)}_{n} \}_{n\geq 0}$ be the $ k$--generalized Fibonacci sequence which starts with $ 0, \ldots, 0, 1 $ ($ k $ terms) and each term afterwards is the sum of the $ k $ preceding terms. In this paper,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-25 Mahadi Ddamulira , Carlos A. Gómez , Florian Luca

Let $(L_n)_{n \geq 1}$ be the sequence of Lucas numbers, defined recursively by $L_1 := 1$, $L_2 := 3$, and $L_{n + 2} := L_{n + 1} + L_n$, for every integer $n \geq 1$. We determine the asymptotic behavior of $\log \operatorname{lcm} (L_1…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Carlo Sanna

Let $F_1=1,F_2=1,\ldots$ be the Fibonacci sequence. Motivated by the identity $\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{F_{2^k}}=\frac{7-\sqrt{5}}{2}$, Erd\"os and Graham asked whether $\displaystyle\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{F_{n_k}}$ is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-08 Khoa D. Nguyen

The Fibonacci sequence modulo $m$, which we denote $\left(\mathcal{F}_{m,n}\right)_{n=0}^\infty$ where $\mathcal{F}_{m,n}$ is the Fibonacci number $F_n$ modulo $m$, has been a well-studied object in mathematics since the seminal paper by…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-19 Dan Guyer , aBa Mbirika , Miko Scott

We derive weighted sums, including binomial and double binomial sums, for the generalized Fibonacci sequence $\{G_m\}$ where for $m\ge 2$, $G_m=G_{m-1}+G_{m-2}$ with initial values $G_0$ and $G_1$.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-05-07 Kunle Adegoke

We consider the generalized Fibonacci counting problem with rabbits that become fertile at age $f$ and die at age $d$, with $1<=f<=d$ and $d$ finite or infinite. We provide a simple proof, based exclusively on a counting argumentation, for…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Roberto De Prisco

We present numerous interesting, mostly new, results involving the $n$-step Fibonacci numbers and $n$-step Lucas numbers and a generalization. Properties considered include recurrence relations, summation identities, including binomial and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-08-09 Kunle Adegoke

In this paper, new families of generalized Fibonacci and Lucas numbers are introduced. In addition, we present the recurrence relations and the generating functions of the new families for $k=2$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Gamaliel Cerda-Morales

We study $B(n;k)$, the number of ways of writing $n$ as a sum or difference of the first $k$ Fibonacci numbers. We show that $B(0;k)$ satisfies the Tribonacci-like recurrence $B(0;k+1)=B(0;k)+B(0;k-1)+B(0;k-2)$ and that $B(n;k)$ satisfies a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Katie Anders , Madeline L. Dawsey , Joseph Vandehey

Only one three-term recurrence relation, namely, $W_{r}=2W_{r-1}-W_{r-4}$, is known for the generalized Tribonacci numbers, $W_r$, $r\in\mathbb{Z}$, defined by $W_{r}=W_{r-1}+W_{r-2}+W_{r-3}$ and \mbox{$W_{-r}=W_{-r+3}-W_{-r+2}-W_{-r+1}$},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-12 Kunle Adegoke , Adenike Olatinwo , Winning Oyekanmi

About four centuries ago, Johann Faulhaber developed formulas for the power sum $1^n + 2^n + \cdots + m^n$ in terms of $m(m+1)/2$. The resulting polynomials are called the Faulhaber polynomials. We first give a short survey of Faulhaber's…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-17 Bernd C. Kellner

In this work, we made a generalization that includes all bicomplex Fibonacci-like numbers such as; Fibonacci, Lucas, Pell, etc.. We named this generalization as bicomplex Horadam numbers. For bicomplex Fibonacci and Lucas numbers we gave…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-12-27 Serpil Halici , Adnan Karataş

We study generalized Fibonacci sequences $F_{n+1}=PF_n-QF_{n-1}$ with initial values $F_0=0$ and $F_1=1$. Let $P,Q$ be nonzero integers such that $P^2-4Q$ is not a perfect square. We show that if $Q=\pm 1$ then the sequence…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Mohammad Javaheri , Nikolai Krylov

Let us denote by $F_n$ the $n$-th Fibonacci number. In this paper we show that for a fixed integer $y$ there exists at most one integer exponent $a>0$ such that the Diophantine equation $F_n+F_m=y^a$ has a solution $(n,m,a)$ in positive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-29 Volker Ziegler