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In fault-tolerant quantum computing, quantum algorithms are implemented through quantum circuits capable of error correction. These circuits are typically constructed based on specific quantum error correction codes, with consideration…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Ying Li

In this work, we analyze efficient window shift schemes for windowed decoding of spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes, which is known to yield close-tooptimal decoding results when compared to full belief propagation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-03 Kevin Klaiber , Sebastian Cammerer , Laurent Schmalen , Stephan ten Brink

This work presents a hardware-efficient and fully parallelizable decoder for quantum LDPC codes that leverages belief propagation (BP) with a speculative post-processing strategy inspired by classical Chase decoding algorithm. By monitoring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Ming Wang , Ang Li , Frank Mueller

For a quantum error correcting code to be used in practice, it needs to be equipped with an efficient decoding algorithm, which identifies corrections given the observed syndrome of errors.Hypergraph product codes are a promising family of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-03 Lev Stambler , Anirudh Krishna , Michael E. Beverland

We illustrate the utility of the recently developed loop calculus for improving the Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm. If the algorithm that minimizes the Bethe free energy fails we modify the free energy by accounting for a critical loop…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Michael Chertkov , Vladimir Y. Chernyak

We consider near maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of short linear block codes based on neural belief propagation (BP) decoding recently introduced by Nachmani et al.. While this method significantly outperforms conventional BP decoding, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Andreas Buchberger , Christian Häger , Henry D. Pfister , Laurent Schmalen , Alexandre Graell i Amat

Post-selection strategies that discard low-confidence computational results can significantly improve the effective fidelity of quantum error correction at the cost of reduced acceptance rates, which can be particularly useful for offline…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Seok-Hyung Lee , Lucas H. English , Stephen D. Bartlett

While low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are near capacity-achieving when paired with iterative decoders, these decoders may not output a codeword due to the existence of pseudocodewords. Thus, pseudocodewords have been studied to give…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Wittawat Kositwattanarerk , Gretchen L. Matthews , Emily McMillon , Tunchanok Yutitumsatit

Providing closed-form estimates of the decoding failure rate of iterative decoders for low- and moderate-density binary parity-check codes has attracted significant interest in the research community. Recently, interest in this topic has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Alessandro Annechini , Alessandro Barenghi , Gerardo Pelosi

In this paper we consider the generalization of binary spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes to finite fields GF$(q)$, $q\geq 2$, and develop design rules for $q$-ary SC-LDPC code ensembles based on their iterative…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Lai Wei , David G. M. Mitchell , Thomas E. Fuja , Daniel J. Costello

The performance of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) is known to be limited by the presence of certain sub-graphs that exist in the Tanner graph representation of the code, for example trapping sets…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Homayoon Hatami , David G. M. Mitchell , Daniel J. Costello , Thomas E. Fuja

Quantum error correction (QEC) is a cornerstone of quantum computing, enabling reliable information processing in the presence of noise. Sparse stabilizer codes -- referred to generally as quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Bane Vasic , Valentin Savin , Michele Pacenti , Shantom Borah , Nithin Raveendran

Generalized bicycle (GB) codes have emerged as a promising class of quantum error-correcting codes with practical decoding capabilities. While numerous asymptotically good quantum codes and quantum low-density parity-check code…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Olai Å. Mostad , Hsuan-Yin Lin , Eirik Rosnes , De-Shih Lee , Ching-Yi Lai

The code that combines channel estimation and error protection has received general attention recently, and has been considered a promising methodology to compensate multi-path fading effect. It has been shown by simulations that such code…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-12-18 Chia-Lung Wu , Po-Ning Chen , Yunghsiang S. Han , Ming-Hsin Kuo

Belief Propagation (BP) followed by Ordered Statistics Decoding (OSD) has emerged as the gold standard for decoding quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes. Recent advancements in this field have proposed new methods and algorithms…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Michele Banfi , Marco Ferrari , Antonino Favano , Alberto Tarable , Luca Barletta

In this paper, we propose an alternative for routing based packet forwarding, which uses network coding to increase transmission efficiency, in terms of both compression and error resilience. This non-adaptive encoding is called quantized…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-04 Mahdy Nabaee , Fabrice Labeau

In this paper, we study a compute-and-forward (CAF) relaying scheme with low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, a special case of physical layer network coding, under the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation. The novelty of this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Satoshi Takabe , Tadashi Wadayama , Ángeles Vazquez-Castro , Masahito Hayashi

A graphical model is a structured representation of locally dependent random variables. A traditional method to reason over these random variables is to perform inference using belief propagation. When provided with the true data generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Victor Garcia Satorras , Max Welling

Quantum error correction is rapidly seeing first experimental implementations, but there is a significant gap between asymptotically optimal error-correcting codes and codes that are experimentally feasible. Quantum LDPC codes range from…

We consider the decoding of LDPC codes over GF(q) with the low-complexity majority algorithm from [1]. A modification of this algorithm with multiple thresholds is suggested. A lower estimate on the decoding radius realized by the new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-02-25 Alexey Frolov , Victor Zyablov