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In this paper, we study the graph classification problem from the graph homomorphism perspective. We consider the homomorphisms from $F$ to $G$, where $G$ is a graph of interest (e.g. molecules or social networks) and $F$ belongs to some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Hoang NT , Takanori Maehara

The notion of graph cover, also known as locally bijective homomorphism, is a discretization of covering spaces known from general topology. It is a pair of incidence-preserving vertex- and edge-mappings between two graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Jan Kratochvil , Roman Nedela

Counting homomorphisms from a graph $H$ into another graph $G$ is a fundamental problem of (parameterized) counting complexity theory. In this work, we study the case where \emph{both} graphs $H$ and $G$ stem from given classes of graphs:…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Marc Roth , Philip Wellnitz

The $k$-coprime graph of order $n$ is the graph with vertex set $\{k, k+1, \ldots, k+n-1\}$ in which two vertices are adjacent if and only if they are coprime. We characterize Hamiltonian $k$-coprime graphs. As a particular case, two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-10 M. H. Bani Mostafa A. , Ebrahim Ghorbani

A graph is a data structure composed of dots (i.e. vertices) and lines (i.e. edges). The dots and lines of a graph can be organized into intricate arrangements. The ability for a graph to denote objects and their relationships to one…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-09-07 Marko A. Rodriguez , Peter Neubauer

We introduce and study elementary properties of graph homology of algebras. This new homology theory shares many features of cyclic and Hochschild homology. We also define a graph K-theory together with an analog of Chern character.

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. V. Movshev

Determining whether two graphs are structurally identical is a fundamental problem with applications spanning mathematics, computer science, chemistry, and network science. Despite decades of study, graph isomorphism remains a challenging…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Sara Najem , Amer E. Mouawad

This paper introduces a novel topology, referred to as the star topology, on finite graphs. By treating vertices and edges as points in a unified space, we explore continuous maps between Bare representations of a graph and their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-21 Rodolfo E. Maza

We examine ordered graphs, defined as graphs with linearly ordered vertices, from the perspective of homomorphisms (and colorings) and their complexities. We demonstrate the corresponding computational and parameterized complexities, along…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Michal Čertík , Andreas Emil Feldmann , Jaroslav Nešetřil , Paweł Rzążewski

A graph $H$ is said to be common if the number of monochromatic labelled copies of $H$ in a red/blue edge colouring of a large complete graph is asymptotically minimized by a random colouring with an equal proportion of each colour. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Natalie Behague , Natasha Morrison , Jonathan A. Noel

Graph is an abstract representation commonly used to model networked systems and structure. In problems across various fields, including computer vision and pattern recognition, and neuroscience, graphs are often brought into comparison (a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-04 Quoc Van Tran , Hyo-Sung Ahn

The notion of 1-planarity is among the most natural and most studied generalizations of graph planarity. A graph is 1-planar if it has an embedding where each edge is crossed by at most another edge. The study of 1-planar graphs dates back…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Stephen G. Kobourov , Giuseppe Liotta , Fabrizio Montecchiani

Modern methods of graph theory describe a graph up to isomorphism, which makes it difficult to create mathematical models for visualizing graph drawings on a plane. The topological drawing of the planar part of a graph allows representing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Sergey Kurapov , Maxim Davidovsky

Simple drawings are drawings of graphs in which any two edges intersect at most once (either at a common endpoint or a proper crossing), and no edge intersects itself. We analyze several characteristics of simple drawings of complete…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Oswin Aichholzer , Birgit Vogtenhuber , Alexandra Weinberger

A $k$-edge-colored graph is a finite, simple graph with edges labeled by numbers $1,\ldots,k$. A function from the vertex set of one $k$-edge-colored graph to another is a homomorphism if the endpoints of any edge are mapped to two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-17 Grzegorz Guśpiel , Grzegorz Gutowski

Graph matching, also known as network alignment, refers to finding a bijection between the vertex sets of two given graphs so as to maximally align their edges. This fundamental computational problem arises frequently in multiple fields…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Cheng Mao , Mark Rudelson , Konstantin Tikhomirov

We discuss a link between graph theory and geometry that arises when considering graph dynamical systems with odd interactions. The equilibrium set in such systems is not a collection of isolated points, but rather a union of manifolds,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-08-28 Davide Sclosa

A graph homomorphism is a map between two graphs that preserves adjacency relations. We consider the problem of sampling a random graph homomorphism from a graph into a large network. We propose two complementary MCMC algorithms for…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Hanbaek Lyu , Facundo Memoli , David Sivakoff

Using a notation of corner between edges when graph has a fixed rotation, i.e. cyclical order of edges around vertices, we define combinatorial objects - combinatorial maps as pairs of permutations, one for vertices and one for faces.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-02 Dainis Zeps

We consider a modified notion of planarity, in which two nations of a map are considered adjacent when they share any point of their boundaries (not necessarily an edge, as planarity requires). Such adjacencies define a map graph. We give…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Zhi-Zhong Chen , Michelangelo Grigni , Christos Papadimitriou